Business Case: Sustainable Tilapia Aquaculture in the North East Region of Ghana

Salmawobil, Joseph; Zane, Giulia; Appiah, Sarah; Gbodji, Kekeli Kofi; Akosua, Richeal; Taron, Avinandan; Buisson, Marie-Charlotte

Business Case: Sustainable Tilapia Aquaculture in the North East Region of Ghana

Autores

Buisson, Marie-Charlotte

Editor

International Water Management Institute

Descripción

The report presents a business case for tilapia cage aquaculture in small reservoirs in the Northeast Region of Ghana. It responds to declining capture fisheries, limited access to affordable protein, and underutilized water resources in a region where water is scarce, and poverty and food insecurity are high. Piloted in 2023-2025 by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) in partnership with the CSIR Water Research Institute and the Fisheries Commission of Ghana, four youth-led aquaculture groups were established and supported with inputs, training, and technical assistance. Findings show that the model is technically feasible, socially inclusive, and environmentally compatible with other reservoir uses. The Business Model Canvas highlights strong partnerships, clear value propositions (fresh, high-quality fish), and diversified revenue streams, though costs, especially feed and labor, remain high. The SWOT analysis identifies key strengths such as trained members and strong teamwork, while weaknesses include limited finances, high input costs, and logistical constraints. Cost-benefit analysis reveals that initial production cycles were not profitable once full costs (including labor) were considered, mainly due to inefficiencies such as poor feed management, inaccurate weighing, and post-harvest losses. However, correcting these inefficiencies could significantly improve outcomes, with some groups reaching break-even or profitability. Long-term projections indicate strong potential: at realistic market prices, the model achieves positive net present value and favorable benefit-cost ratios, suggesting financial viability over time. Overall, the study concludes that small-reservoir aquaculture can become a scalable, inclusive livelihood model. Key recommendations include reducing input costs (e.g., local feed production), strengthening infrastructure and market access, and continuing technical support to improve efficiency and sustainability.