Synergistic approach: an alternative to high-cost aquaculture
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The package of modern aquaculture practices involves high-cost technologies. However, there is an increasing awareness towards development of low-cost, energy-saving, systems and several efforts have been directed towards achieving this goal during the recent past. Measures such as reduction in the rate of stocking densities and elimination of the feed component have been adopted coupled with low/reduced targets of production. In addition to these known approaches, a novel synergistic approach has been adopted with high targets of production in the experiments conducted at the Jaunpur Centre of the All India Coordinated Research Project on Composite Fish Culture and Fish Seed Production. Using either phosphatic or nitrogenous fertilisers and aquatic weeds, yields of the order of 2 609–3 330 and 3 642 – 3 966 kg/ha in 9 months have been realied at input costs of Rs 1.13 - Rs 1.77 (US$ 0.09–0.15) but even higher yields ranging from 4 074 kg/ha/ 9 months to 4 480 kg/ha/yr have been obta ined with aquatic weeds alone at at remarkably low input costs of Rs 0.93 - Rs 1.42 (US$ 0.08–0.12) per per kilogram of fish suggesting that the newly developed, low cost, labour intensive, technology could be recommended for extensive adoption in the rural areas, especially in the Third World where submerged aquatic vegetation such as Hydrilla, Potamogeton and Ceratophyllum or terrestrial vegetation like grasses or fodder are abundantly available