Environmental Determinants of Child Mortality in Rural China : A Competing Risks Approach
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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We use a competing risk model to analyze
environmental determinants of child mortality using the 1992
China National Health Survey, which collects information on
cause of death. Our primary question is whether taking into
account of cause of death using a competing risk model,
compared with a simple model of all-cause mortality, affects
conclusions about the effectiveness of policy interventions.
There are two potential analytical advantages in using cause
of death information: (1) obtaining more accurate estimates
and (2) validating causal relationships. Although, we do not
find significant differences between estimates obtained from
the competing risk model and those from simpler hazard
models, we do find evidence supporting the causal
interpretations of the effect of access to safe water on
child mortality. Our analysis also suggests that a
respondent-based health survey can be used to collect
relatively reliable information on cause of death. Modifying
future demographic and health survey (DHS) instruments to
collect cause of death information inexpensively may be
worthwhile for enhancing the analytical strength of the DHS.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER, ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, ACCIDENTS, AIR, AIR POLLUTION, ARI, BASIC SANITATION, BIRTHS, CAUSES OF DEATH, CENSUS, CHILD DEATHS, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD MORBIDITY, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD MORTALITY RATES, CHILD SURVIVAL, CHILD SURVIVAL PROGRAMS, CLINICS, COMMUNITY HEALTH, DEATH RATE, DIAGNOSTICS, DIARRHEA, DIARRHEAL DISEASE, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC REVIEW, ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, EPIDEMIOLOGY, FAMILY PLANNING, HEALTH CONDITIONS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSING, HYGIENE, INCOME, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATES, INFANTS, INFECTION, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, INTERVENTION, LIVE BIRTHS, LOW INCOME, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MEDICAL ATTENTION, MIGRATION, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, MOTHERS, NEONATAL TETANUS, NUTRITION, POLICY RESEARCH, POPULATION LABORATORIES, PREGNANCY, RISK FACTORS, SAFE DRINKING WATER, SANITATION, SANITATION, SANITATION FACILITIES, SELECTION BIAS, SOCIAL SERVICES, TETANUS, URBAN AREAS, WATER, WATER INFRASTRUCTURE, WATER QUALITY, WATER SERVICE, WATER SERVICES, WATER SOURCES