Biodegradation of a textile dye by Ganoderma lucidum: scale-up into packed-bed bioreactors.
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This study presents the scale-up of the discoloration process of the dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) by the white-rot fungus Ganoderma lucidum. Experiments were initially conducted in a 2-L lab-scale bioreactor and subsequently scaled up to a 45-L packed-bed bioreactor operated in batch mode under nonsterile conditions. The dye solution (150 mg L-1) was recirculated through the packed bed, which supported the growth of G. lucidum on an inert and biodegradable carrier — peach palm waste. Discoloration, enzyme activity, pH, and microbial community composition were analyzed. In the lab-scale system, discoloration reached 80%, with laccase activity measured at 847.2 IU mL-1. Upon scale-up, discoloration reached 91%, with laccase identified as the main factor contributing to biodecoloration. The bacterial community was initially dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria (93.4%), followed by an increase in Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Among eukaryotes, Opisthokonta represented over 96% of the community. These results suggest that G. lucidum is a promising agent for the industrial-scale biodegradation of RBBR dye.
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Discolorization, Ligninolytic enzymes, Solid-state fermentation, Bactris Gasipaes, Descoloração, Enzima, Resíduo Orgânico, Pupunha, Fermentação, Ganoderma lucidum, Organic wastes