Poverty Prospects in Europe : Assessing Progress towards the Europe 2020 Poverty and Social Exclusion Targets in New European Union Member States
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
European Council approved the Europe
2020 strategy, an economic growth and wellbeing improvement
plan for the European Union (EU) in the ensuing decade. The
strategy includes five interrelated headline targets to be
achieved by the year 2020, encompassing employment,
innovation, education, poverty and social inclusion, and
climate/energy. An overarching goal of the Europe 2020
strategy is to reduce the number of poor and social excluded
people by 20 million, with national level targets set by
each of the EU Member States. The European council used
three measures of poverty and social exclusion: at risk of
poverty rate, a measure of relative poverty defined as the
percent of the population with incomes less than 60 percent
of the national median income after social transfers; the
index of severe material deprivation, a measure of the
percent of people who cannot afford a number of necessities
that are considered essential in order to live decent lives
in Europe; and low work intensity, which is the percentage
of people living in households in which adults worked less
than 20 percent of their potential. This paper sheds light
on the impact of improving employment and education
conditions on poverty and social exclusion indicators. This
paper is divided into eight sections. Section one
introduction, section two provides background information on
poverty and social exclusion indicators in the ten countries
in the New Member States (NMS) group, including their
evolution since 2005. Section three describes the data
sources used and defines the key variables of interest.
Section four outlines the methodology used to simulate
indicators of poverty and social exclusion. Section five
first presents the results from a validation exercise in
which data from 2005 are used to simulate the likely
outcomes in 2008, and then compares the simulated 2008
values to the actual 2008 values. Section six presents the
results of the simulation exercise for the ten countries in
the study. Section seven provides an illustration of how the
simulation model has been adapted to address policies on
pre-schools in Poland. And finally, section eight offers a
set of overall conclusions.
Palabras clave
ABSOLUTE POVERTY, BENEFICIARIES, CAPITAL INVESTMENTS, CHRONIC ILLNESS, CITIES, COUNTRY LEVEL, DEPENDENT VARIABLE, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DISABLED PEOPLE, DISADVANTAGED GROUPS, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, EQUILIBRIUM, ESTIMATED COEFFICIENTS, EXPLAINING CHANGES, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, FAMILY LABOR, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FORECASTS, GROWTH RATE, GROWTH RATES, HIGH EMPLOYMENT, HIGH GROWTH, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMMIGRANTS, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DATA, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME TRANSFERS, INDEPENDENT VARIABLES, INDEXES, INDICATORS OF POVERTY, INEQUALITY, INNOVATION, INSURANCE, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET INDICATORS, OLD AGE, OLDER WORKERS, OUTCOME INDICATORS, PER CAPITA GROWTH, PERSISTENT POVERTY, POLICY CHANGE, POLICY INTERVENTIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY REFORMS, POOR, POOR PEOPLE, POVERTY IMPACTS, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY POVERTY, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY THRESHOLD, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, PROBABILITY, REDUCING POVERTY, RELATIVE POVERTY LINE, RETIREMENT, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, SECOND ROUND EFFECTS, SELECTION BIAS, SHARP REDUCTION, SIGNIFICANT IMPACT, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL BENEFITS, SOCIAL INCLUSION, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, TARGETING, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, WAGES