Phytochrome-mediated shade-avoidance responses and its impact on growth and physiology in crops-A review

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dc.creatorSurya, Konappan
dc.creatorKrishnan, Ramanujam
dc.creatorSaitheja, Vaddi
dc.creatorJanaki, Ponnusamy
dc.creatorParameswari, Ettiyagounder
dc.creatorKumar, Govindan Senthil
dc.creatorGnanachitra, Muthaiyan
dc.creatorSuresh, Koppula
dc.creatorPaul, Ratchagar Arockia Infant
dc.creatorAnbazhagan, Ammaiyappan
dc.creatorPARAMESWARI ETTIYAGOUNDER: 0000-0003-2716-7591
dc.date2026-04-06
dc.date2026-04-24T06:04:08Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T04:09:40Z
dc.descriptionShade stress is a critical environmental constraint that significantly affects plant growth, development, and productivity. Phytochromes, as red and far-red light photoreceptors, play a central role in perceiving shading signals and orchestrating complex physiological and molecular responses in crops. This review pro-vides an analysis of phytochrome-mediated shade stress, highlighting its impacts on key plant processes such as photosynthesis, hormonal regulation, gene expression, and biomass accumulation. We discuss the roles of red and far-red light in modulating phytochrome activity and downstream signaling pathways, emphasizing how these photoreceptors interact with hormonal networks to influence plant morphology, flowering, and stress adaptation. The phytochrome signaling cascade involves intricate light perception and gene regulatory mechanisms that enable plants to adjust their growth under low-light conditions. Differential responses of C3 and C4 plants to shade stress are also examined, revealing species-specific strategies for coping with reduced light intensity. Moreover, the review outlines current approaches for managing shading stress, including agronomic practices, genetic interventions, and molecular breeding strategies aimed at enhancing light- use efficiency. By synthesizing recent findings, this article provides insights into the functional roles of phytochromes in mediating shade avoidance and tolerance, offering a framework for future research on crop adaptation to heterogeneous light environments. Understanding phytochrome mediated mechanisms is crucial for developing resilient cropping systems that maintain productivity under suboptimal light conditions.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/182613
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/23517
dc.languageen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceSurya, Konappan, Ramanujam Krishnan, Vaddi Saitheja, Ponnusamy Janaki, Ettiyagounder Parameswari, Govindan Senthil Kumar, Muthaiyan Gnanachitra, Koppula Suresh, Ratchagar Arockia Infant Paul, and Ammaiyappan Anbazhagan. "Phytochrome‐mediated shade‐avoidance responses and its impact on growth and physiology in crops—A review." Photochemistry and Photobiology (2026).
dc.subjectplants
dc.subjectshade tolerance
dc.subjectlight
dc.subjectphotoreceptors
dc.subjectphytochrome
dc.subjectphotosynthesis
dc.subjectgene expression
dc.subjectplant growth substances
dc.subjectplant breeding
dc.subjectcrop production
dc.titlePhytochrome-mediated shade-avoidance responses and its impact on growth and physiology in crops-A review
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional de Investigación del Arroz (IRRI)