The microclimate in selected cultivation systems in the SHIFT Experimental Area near Manaus-AM.
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O microclima no interior de sistemas cultivados selecionados na área experimental: Microclimatic variables were measured in selected cultivation systems and at the centre of the 19ha area during the dry and wet seasons of 1994. The peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) system, with a density of 2,500 plants/ha, the agroforestry systems with rows of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) and Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) trees 5m apart, and the secondary forest were chosen for this experiment, as they represent intermediate stages in relation to the primary rainforest. The peach palm system showed the greatest interception of solar radiation, resulting in lower soil temperatures compared with the control area, the soil of which was partially covered. The amounts of solar radiation measured close to the soil surface in the agroforestry systems were similar to the values observed above the canopy at noon, due to the width of the rows and the height of the surrounding vegetation, resulting in air temperatures and humidities similar to those outside. The secondary forest, which regenerated after abandonment of the rubber trees planted 10 years ago, did not show the marked vertical decouple in temperature and humidity previously observed in the primary forest, which has trees 35m tall and a density of 538 plants/ha.
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Brasil, Amazonas, Tropical rain forest, Clima, Cultivo Multiplo, Floresta Tropical Úmida, Meteorologia, microclimate, multiple cropping