Identification of indicators for evaluating of sustainable animal diets
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This study explores and identifies indicators to assess sustainability performance of animal diets, based on the eleven sustainability elements selected in the sustainable animal diet concept. Besides, it proposes possible quantification methods for each of the identified indicators. Based on literature research, indicators were identified for stages in the animal production chain that are related to animal feed production and feeding and that can affect the people, planet or profit dimension o f sustainability. The working method included identification of all production processes or activities within each stage of the feed production chain and their impact on the sustainability dimensions. These activities and their possible impacts guided the identification of relevant indicators for the eleven sustainability elements. The indicators that were identified following this method were discussed with FAO experts to select the most important ones. Twenty indicators to assess sustainabili ty performance of animal diets were identified for the three dimensions of sustainability: ten indicators for the planet dimension, seven for the people dimension, and three for the profit dimension. For each sustainability indicator, a quantification method has been proposed. Results of this study provide a basis for further definition of indicators and assessment methods of sustainability of animal diets, finally resulting in, e.g., a tool to assess and compare sustainability of animal diets.