Can Malaysia Escape the Middle-Income Trap? A Strategy for Penang

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dc.creatorYusuf, Shahid
dc.creatorNabeshima, Kaoru
dc.date2012-03-19T19:11:05Z
dc.date2012-03-19T19:11:05Z
dc.date2009-06-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:14:23Z
dc.descriptionHow can Penang upgrade and diversify its economy? This paper addresses this question using a number of methodologies that have been developed for assessing competitiveness and identifying the direction of future industrial evolution. The results show that although Penang was successful in attracting foreign direct investment to the electronics industry, this has not translated into a deepening of industrial capabilities or the nurturing of innovation capacity in Penang. No large Malaysian firms in Penang have taken the lead in innovation and there is little new entry by local firms, despite incentives provided by local and national governments are generous. Universiti Sains Malaysia, the principal university in Penang, is contributing through provision of skills, and it is beginning to multiply university industry linkages. However, the university s research activities are too limited and too diffuse to significantly initiate innovation by local industry. Under the current circumstances, and given its relatively small size, Penang will have to try much harder to strengthen its competitive advantage in its most important industry -electronics- through actions that build research capital. It will also have to increase its efforts to develop the potential of other value-adding activities, such as medical services and tourism. A strategy focused on localization economies is likely to be the most feasible option.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090619092524
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4165
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-4971
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416387
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relationPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4971
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACADEMIC RESEARCH
dc.subjectACCESSORIES
dc.subjectADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL
dc.subjectAPPLIANCES
dc.subjectAPPLIED RESEARCH
dc.subjectAPPLIED RESEARCH IN ELECTRONICS
dc.subjectAPPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectASSEMBLERS
dc.subjectAT
dc.subjectAUTOMOTIVE
dc.subjectBASIC
dc.subjectBIDDING
dc.subjectBIOCHEMISTRY
dc.subjectBIOLOGY
dc.subjectBIOTECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectBROADCASTING
dc.subjectBUSINESS
dc.subjectBUSINESS ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectBUSINESS CLIMATE
dc.subjectBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS PROMOTION
dc.subjectBUSINESS SERVICES
dc.subjectCAPABILITY
dc.subjectCAPITAL FUNDING
dc.subjectCAREER
dc.subjectCAREER PROSPECTS
dc.subjectCENTRAL PROCESSING UNITS
dc.subjectCITIES
dc.subjectCOLLABORATION
dc.subjectCOLLEGES
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL INNOVATION
dc.subjectCOMMODITIES
dc.subjectCOMMODITY
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCOMPONENTS
dc.subjectCOMPUTER
dc.subjectCONSULTANTS
dc.subjectCONTENT
dc.subjectCURRICULUM
dc.subjectDATA
dc.subjectDATA PROCESSING
dc.subjectDATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectDEVICES
dc.subjectDIGITAL
dc.subjectDIGITAL DATA
dc.subjectDISCIPLINES
dc.subjectDISK DRIVES
dc.subjectDOCTORAL PROGRAMS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMICS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectELECTRIC LIGHTING
dc.subjectELECTRICAL MACHINERY
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectELECTRONICS
dc.subjectELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
dc.subjectELITE UNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENGINEERING
dc.subjectENGINEERS
dc.subjectENTRY BARRIERS
dc.subjectEQUIPMENT
dc.subjectEXPORT MARKET
dc.subjectEXPORT PROMOTION
dc.subjectEXTENSION
dc.subjectFACULTIES
dc.subjectFERTILIZERS
dc.subjectFIELDS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFISH
dc.subjectFLOW OF INFORMATION
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN STUDENTS
dc.subjectGLOBAL MARKETS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT FUNDING
dc.subjectGRADUATE
dc.subjectGRADUATE PROGRAMS
dc.subjectGRADUATES
dc.subjectGRANTS
dc.subjectGRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
dc.subjectGROUPS
dc.subjectGROWTH PATH
dc.subjectGROWTH POTENTIAL
dc.subjectGROWTH STRATEGY
dc.subjectHARD DISK
dc.subjectHEALTH
dc.subjectHIGH TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectHIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCE
dc.subjectHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectIMAGING
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectINDUSTRY ASSOCIATION
dc.subjectINFORMATICS
dc.subjectINFORMATION
dc.subjectINFORMATION EXCHANGE
dc.subjectINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectINSTRUCTION
dc.subjectINTEGRATION
dc.subjectINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
dc.subjectINTERFACE
dc.subjectINTERMEDIARY ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectINVENTION
dc.subjectIP
dc.subjectIT
dc.subjectJOINT VENTURES
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE CREATION
dc.subjectLAN
dc.subjectLICENSES
dc.subjectLIFE SCIENCES
dc.subjectLOCAL UNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectLOCALIZATION
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
dc.subjectMARKET SHARE
dc.subjectMARKETING
dc.subjectMATERIAL
dc.subjectMATERIALS
dc.subjectMEDICAL DEVICE
dc.subjectMEDICAL DEVICES
dc.subjectMEDICAL SERVICES
dc.subjectMEDICINE
dc.subjectMICROBIOLOGY
dc.subjectMONITORING
dc.subjectNATIONAL ACCREDITATION
dc.subjectNETWORKS
dc.subjectNEW TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectNEW TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectPAPERS
dc.subjectPARTNERS
dc.subjectPAYMENTS
dc.subjectPERFORMANCE
dc.subjectPILOT PROJECTS
dc.subjectPLANNING
dc.subjectPLANS
dc.subjectPLANTS
dc.subjectPOLICY
dc.subjectPORTABLE RADIO
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TREATMENT
dc.subjectPRINTED CIRCUITS
dc.subjectPRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION
dc.subjectPRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTORS
dc.subjectPROCESSORS
dc.subjectPROCUREMENT
dc.subjectPRODUCT DESIGNS
dc.subjectPRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPRODUCT INNOVATION
dc.subjectPRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION PROCESSES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTS
dc.subjectPROFIT
dc.subjectPROFITS
dc.subjectPROTOTYPE
dc.subjectPROVINCIAL UNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectPUBLIC UNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectQUALITY ASSURANCE
dc.subjectQUALITY OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectQUALITY OF INSTRUCTION
dc.subjectQUALITY OF TEACHING
dc.subjectR&D
dc.subjectRADIO
dc.subjectREGISTERS
dc.subjectRESEARCH
dc.subjectRESEARCH CAPACITY
dc.subjectRESEARCH EXPENDITURES
dc.subjectRESEARCH FINDINGS
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTE
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTES
dc.subjectRESEARCH INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectRESEARCH PROGRAMS
dc.subjectRESEARCH SECTOR
dc.subjectRESEARCH UNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectRESEARCH UNIVERSITY
dc.subjectRESEARCHERS
dc.subjectRESULTS
dc.subjectSAN
dc.subjectSCHOLARS
dc.subjectSCHOLARSHIPS
dc.subjectSCHOOL
dc.subjectSCIENCE
dc.subjectSCIENTIFIC EXCELLENCE
dc.subjectSCIENTIFIC JOURNALS
dc.subjectSCIENTISTS
dc.subjectSERVICE PROVIDERS
dc.subjectSILK
dc.subjectSITES
dc.subjectSKILLED WORKERS
dc.subjectSKILLS
dc.subjectSMALLER NUMBER
dc.subjectSOCIAL SCIENCE
dc.subjectSTUDENT
dc.subjectSTUDENT BODY
dc.subjectSTUDENT SUPPORT
dc.subjectSTUDENTS
dc.subjectSUPERVISION
dc.subjectSUPPLY CHAIN
dc.subjectSYSTEM
dc.subjectSYSTEMS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL EXPERTS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectTECHNICIANS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY LICENSING
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY USERS
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATION
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS
dc.subjectTELECOMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT
dc.subjectTELEVISION
dc.subjectTERTIARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectTERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectTRAINING
dc.subjectTRANSACTION
dc.subjectTRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectTRANSISTORS
dc.subjectTRANSMISSION
dc.subjectTUITION
dc.subjectTUITION FEES
dc.subjectUNIVERSITY
dc.subjectUSERS
dc.subjectUSES
dc.subjectVALUE CHAIN
dc.subjectVIDEO
dc.subjectWEB
dc.subjectWOOD
dc.subjectWORKERS
dc.titleCan Malaysia Escape the Middle-Income Trap? A Strategy for Penang

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