An estimate of the number of tropical tree species

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dc.creatorSlik, J.W.F.
dc.creatorArroyo-Rodríguez, V.
dc.creatorAiba, Shin-Ichiro
dc.creatorÁlvarez Loayza, P.
dc.creatorAlvese, L.F.
dc.creatorAshton, P.
dc.creatorBalvanera, Patricia
dc.creatorBastian, Meredith L.
dc.creatorBellingham, P.J.
dc.creatorBerg, E. van den
dc.creatorBernacci, L.
dc.creatorConceição Bispo, Polyanna da
dc.creatorBlanc, Lilian
dc.creatorBohning-Gaese, K.
dc.creatorBoeckx, P.
dc.creatorBongers, F.
dc.creatorBoyle, B.
dc.creatorBradford, M.
dc.creatorBrearley, F.Q.
dc.creatorHockemba, M.B.-N.
dc.creatorBunyavejchewin, S.
dc.creatorMatos, D.C.L.
dc.creatorCastillo-Santiago, M.
dc.creatorCatharino, E.L.M.
dc.creatorChai, S.L.
dc.creatorChen, Y.
dc.creatorColwell, R.K.
dc.creatorRobin, C.L.
dc.creatorClark, C.
dc.creatorClark, D.B.
dc.creatorClark, D.A.
dc.creatorCulmsee, H.
dc.creatorDamas, K.
dc.creatorDattaraja, H.S.
dc.creatorDauby, G.
dc.creatorDavidar, P.
dc.creatorWalt, S.J. de
dc.creatorDoucet, J.L.
dc.creatorDuque, A.
dc.creatorDurigan, G.
dc.creatorEichhorn, K.A.O.
dc.creatorEisenlohr, P.V.
dc.creatorEler, E.
dc.creatorEwango, C.E.N.
dc.creatorFarwig, N.
dc.creatorFeeley, K.J.
dc.creatorFerreira, L.
dc.creatorField, R.
dc.creatorOliveira Filho, A.T. de
dc.creatorFletcher, C.
dc.creatorForshed, O.
dc.creatorFranco, G.
dc.creatorFredriksson, G.
dc.creatorGillespie, T.
dc.creatorGillet, J.F.
dc.creatorAmarnath, Giriraj
dc.creatorGriffith, D.M.
dc.creatorGrogan, J.
dc.creatorGunatilleke, N.
dc.creatorHarris, D.
dc.creatorHarrison, R.
dc.creatorHector, A.
dc.creatorHomeier, J.
dc.creatorImai, N.
dc.creatorItoh, A.
dc.creatorJansen, P.A.
dc.creatorJoly, C.A.
dc.creatorJong, B.H.J. de
dc.creatorKartawinata, K.
dc.creatorKearsley, E.
dc.creatorKelly, D.L.
dc.creatorKenfack, D.
dc.creatorKessler, M.
dc.creatorKitayama, K.
dc.creatorKooyman, R.
dc.creatorLarney, E.
dc.creatorLaumonier, Y.
dc.creatorLaurance, S.G.W.
dc.creatorLaurance, W.F.
dc.creatorLawes, M.J.
dc.creatorAmaral, I.L.do
dc.creatorLetcher, S.G.
dc.creatorLindsell, J.
dc.creatorLu, X.
dc.creatorMansor, A.
dc.creatorMarjokorpi, A.
dc.creatorMartin, E.H.
dc.creatorMeilby, H.
dc.creatorMelo, F.P.L.
dc.creatorMetcalfea, D.J.
dc.creatorMedjibe, V.P.
dc.creatorMetzger, J.P.
dc.creatorMillet, J.
dc.creatorMohandass, D.
dc.creatorMontero, J.C.
dc.creatorMorisson Valeriano, M. de
dc.creatorMugerwa, B.
dc.creatorNagamasu, H.
dc.creatorNilus, R.
dc.creatorOnrizal, S.O.G.
dc.creatorPage, N.
dc.creatorParolin, P.
dc.creatorParren, M.
dc.creatorParthasarathy, N.
dc.creatorPaudel, E.
dc.creatorPermana, A.
dc.creatorPiedade, M.T.F.
dc.creatorPitman, N.C.A.
dc.creatorPoorter, L.
dc.creatorPoulsen, A.D.
dc.creatorPoulsen, J.
dc.creatorPowers, J.
dc.creatorPrasad, R.C.
dc.creatorPuyravaud, J.-P.
dc.creatorRazafimahaimodison, J.C.
dc.creatorReitsma, J.
dc.creatorSantos, J.R. dos
dc.creatorSpironello, W.R.
dc.creatorRomero Saltos, H.
dc.creatorRovero, F.
dc.creatorRozak, A.H.
dc.creatorRuokolainen, K.
dc.creatorRutishauser, E.
dc.creatorSaiter, F.
dc.creatorSaner, P.
dc.creatorSantos, B.A.
dc.creatorSantos, F.
dc.creatorSarker, S.K.
dc.creatorSatdichanh, M.
dc.creatorSchmitt, C.B.
dc.creatorSchongart, J.
dc.creatorSchulze, M.
dc.creatorSuganuma, M.S.
dc.creatorSheil, Douglas
dc.creatorSilva Pinheiro, E.da
dc.creatorSist, P.
dc.creatorStevart, T.
dc.creatorSukumar, R.
dc.creatorSun, I.-F.
dc.creatorSunderland, Terry C.H.
dc.creatorSuresh, H.S.
dc.creatorSuzuki, E.
dc.creatorTabarelli, M.
dc.creatorTang, J.
dc.creatorTarghetta, N.
dc.creatorTheilade, I.
dc.creatorThomas, D.W.
dc.creatorTchouto, P.
dc.creatorHurtado, J.
dc.creatorValencia, R.
dc.creatorValkenburg, J.L.C.H. van
dc.creatorVan Do, T.
dc.creatorVásquez, R.
dc.creatorVerbeeck, H.
dc.creatorAdekunle, V.
dc.creatorVieira, S.A.
dc.creatorWebb, C.O.
dc.creatorWhitfeld, T.
dc.creatorWich, S.A.
dc.creatorWilliams, J.
dc.creatorWittmann, F.
dc.creatorWoll, H.
dc.creatorYang, X.
dc.creatorYao, C.Y.A.
dc.creatorYap, S.L.
dc.creatorYoneda, T.
dc.creatorZahawi, R.A.
dc.creatorZakaria, R.
dc.creatorZang, R.
dc.creatorAssis, R.L. de
dc.creatorLuize, B.G.
dc.creatorVenticinque, E.M.
dc.date2015-06-16
dc.date2016-11-01T13:40:00Z
dc.date2016-11-01T13:40:00Z
dc.date.accessioned2026-06-27T18:29:33Z
dc.descriptionPeople are fascinated by the amazing diversity of tropical forests and will be surprised to learn that robust estimates of the number of tropical tree species are lacking. We show that there are at least 40,000, but possibly more than 53,000, tree species in the tropics, in contrast to only 124 across temperate Europe. Almost all tropical tree species are restricted to their respective continents, and the Indo-Pacific region appears to be as species-rich as tropical America, with each of these two regions being almost five times as rich in tree species as African tropical forests. Our study shows that most tree species are extremely rare, meaning that they may be under serious risk of extinction at current deforestation rates.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/77542
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/157506
dc.languageen
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciences
dc.rightsOpen Access
dc.sourceSlika, J. W. F.; Arroyo-Rodriguezb, V.; Aibac, S.-I.; Alvarez-Loayzad, P.; Alvese, L. F.; Ashton, P.; Balvanera, P.; Bastian, M. L.; Bellingham, P. J.; van den Berg, E.; Bernacci, L.; da Conceicao Bispo, P.; Blanc, L.; Bohning-Gaese, K.; Boeckx, P.; Bongers, F.; Boyle, B.; Bradford, M.; Brearley, F. Q.; Hockemba, M. B.-N.; Bunyavejchewin, S.; Matos, D. C. L.; Castillo-Santiago, M.; Catharino, E. L. M.; Chai, S.-L.; Chen, Y.; Colwell, R. K.; Robin, C. L.; Clark, C.; Clark, D. B.; Clark, D. A.; Culmsee, H.; Damas, K.; Dattaraja, H. S.; Dauby, G.; Davidar, P.; DeWalt, S. J.; Doucet, J.-L.; Duque, A.; Durigan, G.; Eichhorn, K. A. O.; Eisenlohr, P. V.; Eler, E.; Ewango, C.; Farwig, N.; Feeley, K. J.; Ferreira, L.; Field, R.; de Oliveira Filho, A. T.; Fletcher, C.; Forshed, O.; Franco, G.; Fredriksson, G.; Gillespie, T.; Gillet, J.-F.; Amarnath, Giriraj; Griffith, D. M.; Grogan, J.; Gunatilleke, N.; Harris, D.; Harrison, R.; Hector, A.; Homeier, J.; Imai, N.; Itoh, A.; Jansen, P. A.; Joly, C. A.; de Jong, B. H. J.; Kartawinata, K.; Kearsley, E.; Kelly, D. L.; Kenfack, D.; Kessler, M.; Kitayama, K.; Kooyman, R.; Larney, E.; Laumonier, Y.; Laurance, S.; Laurance, W. F.; Lawes, M. J.; do Amaral, I . L.; Letcher, S. G.; Lindsell, J.; Lu, X.; Mansor, A.; Marjokorpi, A.; Martin, E. H.; Meilby, H.; Melo, F. P. L.; Metcalfea, D. J.; Medjibe, V. P.; Metzger, J. P.; Millet, J.; Mohandass, D.; Montero, J. C.; de Morisson Valeriano, M.; Mugerwa, B.; Nagamasu, H.; Nilus, R.; Onrizal, S. O.-G.; Page, N.; Parolin, P.; Parren, M.; Parthasarathy, N.; Paudel, E.; Permana, A.; Piedade, M. T. F.; Pitman, N. C. A.; Poorter, L.; Poulsen, A. D.; Poulsen, J.; Powers, J.; Prasad, R. C.; Puyravaud, J.-P.; Razafimahaimodison, J.-C.; Reitsma, J.; dos Santos, J. R.; Spironello, W. R.; Romero-Saltos, H.; Rovero, F.; Rozak, A. H.; Ruokolainen, K.; Rutishauser, E.; Saiter, F.; Saner, P.; Santos, B. A.; Santos, F.; Sarker, S. K.; Satdichanh, M.; Schmitt, C. B.; Schongart, J.; Schulze, M.; Suganuma, M. S.; Sheil, D.; da Silva Pinheiro, E.; Sist, P.; Stevart, T.; Sukumar, R.; Sun, I.-F.; Sunderand, T.; Suresh, H. S.; Suzuki, E.; Tabarelli, M.; Tang, J.; Targhetta, N.; Theilade, I.; Thomas, D. W.; Tchouto, P.; Hurtado, J.; Valencia, R.; van Valkenburg, J. L. C. H.; Van Do, T.; Vasquez, R.; Verbeeck, H.; Adekunle, V.; Vieira, S. A.; Webb, C. O.; Whitfeld, T.; Wich, S. A.; Williams, J.; Wittmann, F.; Woll, H.; Yang, X.; Yao, C. Y. A.; Yap, S. L.; Yoneda, T.; Zahawi, R. A.; Zakaria, R.; Zang, R.; de Assis, R. L.; Luize, B. G.; Venticinque, E. M. 2015. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(24):7472-7477. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1423147112
dc.subjecttropical forests
dc.subjectspecies
dc.subjectcanopy
dc.subjectbiodiversity
dc.subjectenvironmental effects
dc.titleAn estimate of the number of tropical tree species
dc.typeJournal Article

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Instituto Internacional para el Manejo del Agua (IWMI)