Vietnam Country Gender Assessment

World Bank

Vietnam Country Gender Assessment

Autores

World Bank

Editor

World Bank, Hanoi

Descripción

Viet Nam has undergone a major socio-economic transformation over the past quarter century, rising from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle income country. Today it continues to develop rapidly, becoming more integrated with the global economy and undergoing significant regulatory and structural changes. Viet Nam has also made remarkable progress on gender equality, but important gender differences still remain. On the positive side Viet Nam has had considerable progress in addressing gender disparities in education, employment and health. The gender gap in earnings is lower in Viet Nam than in many other East Asian countries. Indeed by a number of measures, women's outcomes have improved significantly. However, upon deeper examination of the data, a number of challenges still remain. The report is organized into five chapters. The current chapter has provided a background to the report and the process through which it has been prepared. The next three chapters will deal with the substantive issues, focusing primarily on gender but addressing ethnicity and other forms of social inequality where relevant. Chapter two will provide an analysis of the situation and trends in gender equality in relation to the multiple dimensions of poverty, some of which are included in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Chapter three will provide an in-depth gender analysis of livelihoods and employment, bearing in mind the likely impact of the recent crisis as well as the challenges of transition to middle income status. Chapter four will pick up on the issue of women's political participation in leadership positions and in the wider society. The final chapter will synthesize the key findings of the report and prioritize key recommendations.

Palabras clave

ABORTION, ACCESS TO ABORTION, ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ADOLESCENT FERTILITY, ADOLESCENTS, ADULT LITERACY, AGED, AGING, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, BARRIERS TO WOMEN, CHILD CARE, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD MORTALITY RATE, CHILD MORTALITY RATES, CHILDBEARING, CHILDREN WITH BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS, CITIZENS, CLIMATE CHANGE, CONDOMS, CONTRACEPTION, CRIME, DECISION MAKING, DEMANDS ON WOMEN, DEMOCRACY, DEPENDENCY RATIOS, DIFFERENTIALS IN MORTALITY, DISABILITIES, DISABILITY, DISCRIMINATION, DISSEMINATION, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, DROPOUT, DRUG USERS, DRUGS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC RESOURCES, EDUCATED WOMEN, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELDERLY, EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, EQUAL RIGHTS, ETHNIC GROUPS, EXERCISES, FAMILIES, FAMILY RELATIONS, FEMALE LABOR FORCE, FEMALE MORTALITY, FERTILITY PREFERENCES, FEWER HOUSEHOLDS, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FUTURE GROWTH, GENDER DIFFERENCES, GENDER DIFFERENTIALS, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, GENDER DISPARITIES, GENDER DISPARITIES IN EDUCATION, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER EQUITY, GENDER GAP, GENDER GAP IN PRIMARY, GENDER GAPS, GENDER INEQUALITIES, GENDER INEQUALITY, GENDER ISSUES, GENDER PARITY, GENDER RELATIONS, GENDER STEREOTYPES, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE ACCESS, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH PROBLEMS, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEM, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURES, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUSBANDS, ILLNESS, ILLNESSES, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION, INCOME INEQUALITY, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATES, INJECTING DRUG USERS, INJURIES, INVESTMENT IN CHILDREN, ISSUE OF GENDER, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOUR MARKET, LACK OF CAPACITY, LACK OF KNOWLEDGE, LAWS, LEGISLATIVE CHANGES, LESBIANS, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LITERACY RATES, LIVE BIRTHS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOWER FERTILITY, MALE HEALTH, MARITAL STATUS, MARKET ECONOMY, MASCULINITY, MATERNAL DEATHS, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MIGRANT, MIGRANT WOMEN, MIGRANT WORKERS, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL, MINISTRY OF LABOUR, MINORITY, MORTALITY, NATIONAL STRATEGIES, NATIONAL STRATEGY, NATURAL RESOURCES, NATURE OF WOMEN, NURSES, NUTRITION, OLD AGE, OLDER WOMEN, POLICY DIALOGUE, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLITICAL DECISION, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION, PREGNANCY, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRENATAL CARE, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIMARY SCHOOLING, PRISONS, PROGRESS, PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY, PROSTITUTION, PUBLIC AWARENESS, PUBLIC LIFE, PUBLIC SERVICES, PUBLIC SPHERE, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH, REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, RISK GROUPS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL RESIDENTS, SANITATION, SCHOOL AGE, SCHOOL ENROLMENT, SCHOOL STUDENTS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SECONDARY SCHOOLING, SEX, SEX OF THE FETUS, SEX RATIO, SEX RATIOS, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORKERS, SEX-SELECTIVE ABORTION, SEXUAL ABUSE, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR, SEXUAL VIOLENCE, SEXUALITY, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, SMOKERS, SMOKING, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SOCIAL CHANGE, SOCIAL COMMISSION, SOCIAL INEQUALITY, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION, SON PREFERENCE, SPOUSES, STDS, SUICIDE, SUPPORT TO PARENTS, SURVIVAL ADVANTAGE, TECHNICAL EDUCATION, TERTIARY LEVELS, TRANSPORTATION, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNFPA, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND, UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION, URBAN AREAS, URBAN WOMEN, URBANIZATION, USER FEES, VACCINATION, VICTIMS, VICTIMS OF GENDER, VIOLENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, VULNERABILITY, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WALKING, WOMAN, WOMEN IN GOVERNMENT, WORK FORCE, WORKFORCE, WORKING CONDITIONS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, YOUNG MEN, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG WOMEN