The ASEAN Free Trade Agreement : Impact on Trade Flows and External Trade Barriers

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dc.creatorCalvo-Pardo, Hector
dc.creatorFreund, Caroline
dc.creatorOrnelas, Emanuel
dc.date2012-03-19T19:10:52Z
dc.date2012-03-19T19:10:52Z
dc.date2009-06-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:19:51Z
dc.descriptionUsing detailed data on trade and tariffs from 1992-2007, the authors examine how the ASEAN Free Trade Agreement has affected trade with nonmembers and external tariffs facing nonmembers. First, the paper examines the effect of preferential and external tariff reduction on import growth from ASEAN insiders and outsiders across HS 6-digit industries. The analysis finds no evidence that preferential liberalization has led to lower import growth from nonmembers. Second, it examines the relationship between preferential tariff reduction and MFN tariff reduction. The analysis finds that preferential liberalization tends to precede external tariff liberalization. To examine whether this tariff complementarity is a result of simultaneous decision making, the authors use the scheduled future preferential tariff reductions (agreed to in 1992) as instruments for actual preferential tariff changes after the Asia crisis. The results remain unchanged, suggesting that there is a causal relationship between preferential and MFN tariff reduction. The findings also indicate that external liberalization was relatively sharper in the products where preferences are likely to be most damaging, proving further support for a causal effect. Overall, the results imply that the ASEAN agreement has been a force for broader liberalization.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090610085729
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/4153
dc.identifier10.1596/1813-9450-4960
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/417116
dc.languageEnglish
dc.relationPolicy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4960
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
dc.subjectAGGREGATE TRADE
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAVERAGE TARIFFS
dc.subjectAVERAGE TRADE
dc.subjectBARRIERS ON IMPORTS
dc.subjectBILATERAL FLOWS
dc.subjectBILATERAL OPPORTUNISM
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectBILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectBLOC IMPORTS
dc.subjectBLOC MEMBERS
dc.subjectBLOC PARTNERS
dc.subjectBLOC TARIFFS
dc.subjectBLOC TRADE
dc.subjectBUSINESS CYCLE
dc.subjectCURRENCY
dc.subjectCUSTOMS
dc.subjectCUSTOMS UNION
dc.subjectCUSTOMS UNION ISSUE
dc.subjectCUSTOMS UNIONS
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDUTY DRAWBACK
dc.subjectDUTY DRAWBACKS
dc.subjectDUTY-FREE TREATMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC INTEGRATION
dc.subjectEUROPEAN UNION
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL IMPORTS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TARIFF
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TARIFFS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE BARRIERS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL TRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectFINAL GOODS
dc.subjectFREE ACCESS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AREA
dc.subjectFREE TRADE AREAS
dc.subjectFREE TREATMENT
dc.subjectGLOBAL FREE TRADE
dc.subjectGLOBAL TRADE
dc.subjectGRAVITY EQUATION
dc.subjectGRAVITY MODEL
dc.subjectGROWING TRADE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATE
dc.subjectGROWTH RATES
dc.subjectHIGH TARIFFS
dc.subjectIMPORT BARRIERS
dc.subjectIMPORT TARIFF
dc.subjectIMPORT-COMPETING SECTOR
dc.subjectIMPORTED INTERMEDIATE
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE GOODS
dc.subjectINTERNAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNAL TARIFFS
dc.subjectINTERNAL TRADE
dc.subjectINTERNAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY
dc.subjectINTRA-ASEAN TRADE
dc.subjectINTRABLOC IMPORTS
dc.subjectLOBBYING
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMFN TARIFFS
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL SYSTEM
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectMULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectMULTILATERALISM
dc.subjectNON-TARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectNONMEMBER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPARTNER COUNTRIES
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOLITICAL CONSIDERATIONS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL MARGIN
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL MARGINS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL RATE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL RATES
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFF
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TARIFFS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADING
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TRADING AREAS
dc.subjectPREFERENTIAL TREATMENT
dc.subjectPRICE EFFECTS
dc.subjectPRODUCT LEVEL
dc.subjectPROTECTIONIST
dc.subjectPROTECTIONIST BIAS
dc.subjectREGIONAL BLOCS
dc.subjectREGIONAL INTEGRATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE BLOCS
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectREGIONAL TRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectREGIONALISM
dc.subjectRULES OF ORIGIN
dc.subjectSTANDARD ERRORS
dc.subjectTARIFF ADJUSTMENTS
dc.subjectTARIFF BARRIERS
dc.subjectTARIFF CHANGES
dc.subjectTARIFF LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTARIFF NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTARIFF ON IMPORTS
dc.subjectTARIFF RATES
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTION
dc.subjectTARIFF REDUCTIONS
dc.subjectTARIFF REVENUE
dc.subjectTRADE AGREEMENT
dc.subjectTRADE BLOC
dc.subjectTRADE BLOCS
dc.subjectTRADE CREATING
dc.subjectTRADE CREATION
dc.subjectTRADE DATA
dc.subjectTRADE DIVERSION
dc.subjectTRADE EFFECTS
dc.subjectTRADE FLOWS
dc.subjectTRADE GROWTH
dc.subjectTRADE IMPACT
dc.subjectTRADE INTEGRATION
dc.subjectTRADE LIBERALIZATION
dc.subjectTRADE NEGOTIATIONS
dc.subjectTRADE PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRADE PATTERNS
dc.subjectTRADE POLICIES
dc.subjectTRADE POLICY
dc.subjectTRADE PREFERENCES
dc.subjectTRADE REFORM
dc.subjectTRADE RESTRICTIONS
dc.subjectTRADE SYSTEM
dc.subjectTRADE TAXES
dc.subjectTRADING BLOCS
dc.subjectTRADING PARTNERS
dc.subjectTRADING SYSTEM
dc.subjectTRANSACTION COSTS
dc.subjectWORLD ECONOMY
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE
dc.subjectWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
dc.titleThe ASEAN Free Trade Agreement : Impact on Trade Flows and External Trade Barriers

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