Making Poor Haitians Count : Poverty in Rural and Urban Haiti Based on the First Household Survey for Haiti
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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This paper analyzes poverty in Haiti
based on the first Living Conditions Survey of 7,186
households covering the whole country and representative at
the regional level. Using a USD1 a day extreme poverty line,
the analysis reveals that 49 percent of Haitian households
live in absolute poverty. Twenty, 56, and 58 percent of
households in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas,
respectively, are poor. At the regional level, poverty is
especially extensive in the northeastern and northwestern
regions. Access to assets such as education and
infrastructure services is highly unequal and strongly
correlated with poverty. Moreover, children in indigent
households attain less education than children in nonpoor
households. Controlling for individual and household
characteristics, location, and region, living in a rural
area does not by itself affect the probability of being
poor. But in rural areas female headed households are more
likely to experience poverty than male headed households.
Domestic migration and education are both key factors that
reduce the likelihood of falling into poverty. Employment is
essential to improve livelihoods and both the farm and
nonfarm sector play a key role.
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ABSOLUTE POVERTY, ACCESS TO GOODS, ACCESS TO IRRIGATION, ACCESS TO SERVICES, ADULT ILLITERACY, AGE DISTRIBUTION, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, BASIC HUMAN NEEDS, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, BASIC NEEDS, CASH TRANSFERS, CENTER FOR HEALTH, CHILDREN PER WOMAN, CLEAN DRINKING WATER, CLEAN WATER, CONFLICT, CURRENT POPULATION, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS, DEPENDENCY RATIO, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, DRUGS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC POLICIES, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELDERLY, ELDERLY PEOPLE, EMPLOYMENT INCOME, EQUAL ACCESS, EXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE, EXTENDED FAMILY, EXTREME POVERTY, EXTREME POVERTY LINE, EXTREMELY POOR HOUSEHOLDS, FAMILY INCOME, FAMILY MEMBERS, FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES, FARM SECTOR, FARM SIZE, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FERTILITY, FERTILITY RATE, FERTILITY RATES, FOOD CROPS, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY, FORCED SEX, FORMAL EDUCATION, GLOBAL HEALTH, GLOBAL HEALTH COUNCIL, GOOD GOVERNANCE, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH PROGRAMS, HIGH POPULATION GROWTH, HOUSEHOLD ASSETS, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, ILLITERACY, ILLITERACY RATE, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOME GROWTH, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME QUINTILE, INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES, INEQUITIES, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INFORMED DECISIONS, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION, IRRIGATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKETS, LABOR SUPPLY, LACK OF EDUCATION, LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE, LAND OWNERSHIP, LAND TENURE, LANDHOLDINGS, LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVEL OF POVERTY, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVE BIRTHS, LIVING CONDITIONS, MACROECONOMIC STABILITY, MALNUTRITION, MEAT, MEDIA COVERAGE, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, NUMBER OF AIDS CASES, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, OLD AGE, PEACE, PENSIONS, PLACE OF RESIDENCE, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POLITICAL TURMOIL, POOR, POOR HOUSEHOLD, POOR PEOPLE, POPULATION CHANGES, POPULATION DATA, POPULATION DENSITY, POPULATION GROUPS, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, POPULATION GROWTH RATES, POPULATION SIZE, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGY, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY HEAD, POVERTY IMPACT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY PROFILE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCING, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY STATUS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, PROGRESS, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SERVICES, QUALITY EDUCATION, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF LIFE, RELIABLE FAMILY PLANNING, REMITTANCE, REMITTANCES, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROGRAMS, RISK FACTORS, ROLE MODELS, RURAL, RURAL AREA, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL DWELLERS, RURAL FARMERS, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INEQUALITY, RURAL MARKETS, RURAL POOR, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POPULATIONS, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL RESIDENTS, SAFE WATER, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NETS, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL YEAR, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE PROVISION, SMALL FARMS, SMALLHOLDERS, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL WELFARE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL SKILLS, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TRANSPORTATION, UNMET DEMAND, URBAN AREAS, URBAN DWELLERS, URBAN POPULATION, URBAN POPULATIONS, URBAN POVERTY, URBANIZATION, VICTIMS, VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WOMAN, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, YOUNG ADULTS, YOUNG AGE, YOUNG CHILDREN, YOUNG MEN