Understanding the Livelihoods of Former Insurgents

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dc.creatorTajima, Yuhki
dc.date2017-08-14T20:42:55Z
dc.date2017-08-14T20:42:55Z
dc.date2010-07
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:05:52Z
dc.descriptionThis paper documents significant differences in the impacts the war in Aceh had on ex-combatants and civilians and how these differences shaped the post-war decision-making processes of their households. Because of the overwhelming percentage of the ex-combatant population in rural areas (over 90 percent), particular attention is paid to the agricultural sector. The second section provides summary statistics of former combatants' household and individual characteristics, and economic conditions. In order to place the economic conditions of former combatants in context, the section will include a comparison of former combatants with civilians. After the end of the war, ex-combatants were found to have fewer assets, more injuries, and lower educational attainment than civilians. After providing an overview of the economic welfare of former combatants and civilians, an analytical framework is developed in the third section that will be used to understand the variation in economic outcomes of former combatants. The framework will draw connections between the varying degree to which war affects individuals and communities to the post-war decisions and processes that lead to differences in ex-combatants' economic outcomes. In the fourth section, field data from nine village case studies from three districts in Aceh will be marshaled to place the analytical framework in the context of Aceh. In particular, the framework and field data suggest that the more limited physical and human capital endowments constrained the choices of former combatants since they had to maintain enough liquidity to meet their consumption needs rather than being able to invest in more productive activities. The fifth section will outline various hypotheses that emerge from the analytical framework as well as from the qualitative data and section six will assess the various hypotheses on the statistical evidence from the ARLS data. Thus, section six will provide a broad assessment of the observable implications of the analytical framework developed in sections three and four. In particular, ex-combatants with fewer assets and a lack of access to capital were more likely to have lower incomes and to engage in quickly maturing, but lower return, economic activities. The paper will conclude with an examination of the implications of the findings for reintegration and development policy in Aceh as well as for other post-war contexts elsewhere.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/804951468262794564/Understanding-the-livelihoods-of-former-insurgents-Aceh-Indonesia
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27784
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/27784
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/415177
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Jakarta
dc.relationIndonesian Social Development Paper;No. 17
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectABUSES
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectARMED CONFLICT
dc.subjectBANK LOANS
dc.subjectBANKS
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO ENTRY
dc.subjectBASIC NEEDS
dc.subjectBONDS
dc.subjectBRIBE
dc.subjectCAPITAL MARKETS
dc.subjectCESSATION OF HOSTILITIES
dc.subjectCHILD SOLDIERS
dc.subjectCITIZENS
dc.subjectCIVIL SOCIETY
dc.subjectCIVIL WAR
dc.subjectCIVIL WARS
dc.subjectCIVILIAN POPULATION
dc.subjectCOMBATANTS
dc.subjectCONFIDENCE
dc.subjectCONFLICT RESOLUTION
dc.subjectCONSTRAINT
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION NEEDS
dc.subjectCOUNTERINSURGENCY
dc.subjectCOUNTERPARTS
dc.subjectCURFEW
dc.subjectCURFEWS
dc.subjectDEATHS
dc.subjectDECADES OF WAR
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT AID
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT POLICY
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectDONOR AGENCIES
dc.subjectEARTHQUAKE
dc.subjectECONOMIC CONDITIONS
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC OUTCOMES
dc.subjectECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectECONOMIC REINTEGRATION
dc.subjectECONOMIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectECONOMICS LITERATURE
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectELECTIONS
dc.subjectEMBASSY
dc.subjectETHNIC CLEANSING
dc.subjectEX-COMBATANT
dc.subjectEX-COMBATANTS
dc.subjectEXCOMBATANTS
dc.subjectEXISTING RESOURCES
dc.subjectEXPERIENCED VIOLENCE
dc.subjectEXPORTS
dc.subjectEXPOSURE TO VIOLENCE
dc.subjectEXTORTION
dc.subjectFEMALE COMBATANTS
dc.subjectFIGHTING
dc.subjectFOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS
dc.subjectGDP
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT CONTROL
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT OFFICES
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT TROOPS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENTAL POWER
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD ASSETS
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHT
dc.subjectHUMAN RIGHTS
dc.subjectILLNESS
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME LEVELS
dc.subjectINCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINCOME-GENERATION ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL INCOMES
dc.subjectINITIATIVE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINVENTORY
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLACK OF KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectLARGE POPULATION
dc.subjectLEADERSHIP
dc.subjectLIQUIDITY
dc.subjectLIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectLOBBYING
dc.subjectLOCAL AUTHORITIES
dc.subjectLOCAL POPULATION
dc.subjectLOTTERY
dc.titleUnderstanding the Livelihoods of Former Insurgents
dc.titleAceh, Indonesia
dc.typeWorking Paper
dc.typeDocument de travail
dc.typeDocumento de trabajo

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