Creating Markets for Habitat            Conservation When Habitats Are Heterogeneous

Chomitz, Kenneth M.; Thomas, Timothy S.; Salazar Brandão, Antônio

Creating Markets for Habitat Conservation When Habitats Are Heterogeneous

Autores

Chomitz, Kenneth M.

Thomas, Timothy S.

Salazar Brandão, Antônio

Editor

World Bank, Washington, D.C.

Descripción

A tradable development rights (TDR) program focusing on biodiversity conservation faces a crucial problem defining which areas of habitat should be considered equivalent. Restricting the trading domain to a narrow area could boost the range of biodiversity conserved but could increase the opportunity cost of conservation. The issue is relevant to Brazil, where TDR-like programs are emerging. Current regulations require each rural property to maintain a forest reserve of at least 20 percent, but nascent policies allow some tradability of this obligation. The authors use a simple, spatially explicit model to simulate a hypothetical state-level program. They find that wider trading domains drastically reduce landholder costs of complying with this regulation and result in environmentally preferable landscapes.

Palabras clave

ABANDONMENT, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL LANDS, AGRICULTURE, AIR POLLUTION, ALTERNATIVE APPROACH, AMAZON, BASIN, BIODIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, BIOMASS, CARBON, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CARBON STORAGE, CLEAN WATER ACT, COMPLIANCE COSTS, CROPLAND, CROPS, DEFORESTATION, DEMAND CURVES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS, ECONOMIC VALUES, ECONOMICS, ECOSYSTEM, ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, EQUILIBRIUM, EXPENDITURES, FARMERS, FARMS, FISHERIES, FOREST COVER, FOREST LAND, FOREST REGROWTH, FORESTS, FURNACES, HABITAT CONSERVATION, HABITATS, IRON, LAND COVER, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND USE, LAND USES, LAND VALUE, LEGISLATION, OPPORTUNITY COSTS, PARKS, PERMIT PROGRAMS, PERMITS, PLAINS, PLANTATIONS, PLOTS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, PRESENT VALUE, PRESERVATION, REMOTE SENSING, RESTORATION, RIVER, RIVER BASINS, RIVERS, ROCKS, SAVINGS, SOCIAL COSTS, SOIL, STREAMS, TIMBER, TRADABLE DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS, TRADEOFFS, TREES, VEGETATION, WATERSHED, WATERSHED PROTECTION, WATERSHEDS, WETLAND LOSSES, WETLAND MITIGATION