Decent work and informality in the agricultural sector in Latin America 2019-2023
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FAO ; ILO ;
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Agricultural employment remains crucial for food security, rural incomes and poverty reduction in Latin America. However, high levels of informality and structural decent work deficits persist. This publication provides an in-depth analysis of the recent evolution of agricultural employment and the policies aimed at promoting its formalization.The report offers a comprehensive characterization of employment in the agricultural sector between 2019 and 2023, using data processed by the ILO's Latin American and Caribbean Labor Information and Analysis System (SIALC/ILO). It examines trends in output, employment and productivity, as well as workforce composition by gender, age, education, forms of employment and income levels. It also identifies limitations arising from the use of annual surveys, difficulties in capturing seasonal variations, and methodological challenges associated with disaggregation by specific groups. These analyses reveal consistent patterns of precariousness, labor vulnerability, and persistent informality, which particularly affect women, young people, and workers with low levels of education.Complementing the quantitative evidence, the second part of the report analyzes 35 public interventions aimed at promoting the transition to the formal economy in the agricultural sector, organized according to the FORLAC 2.0 Integrated Policy Framework (2024–2030). The analysis addresses measures related to productive development, employment and skills, social protection, and labour rights, incorporating cross-cutting approaches on gender, just transition and social dialogue. Based on this review, the publication presents policy guidance to address the sector's structural challenges, strengthen rural social protection, and advance formalization and decent work in agricultural contexts.