From Occupations to Embedded Skills : A Cross-Country Comparison
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World Bank, Washington, D.C.
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This paper derives the skill content of
30 countries, ranging from low-income to high-income ones,
from the occupational structure of their economies. Five
different skills are defined.. Cross-country measures of
skill content show that the intensity of national production
of manual skills declines with per capita income in a
monotonic way, while it increases for non-routine cognitive
and interpersonal skills. For some countries, the analysis
is able to trace the development of skill intensities of
aggregate production over time. The paper finds that
although the increasing intensity of non-routine skills is
uniform across countries, patterns of skill intensities with
respect to different forms of routine skills differ markedly.
Palabras clave
ADJUSTMENT PROCESS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE, BEHAVIORS, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES, CITIES, CLERKS, COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS, DATA SOURCES, DECISION-MAKING, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DISCUSSION, DIVISION OF LABOR, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC SECTORS, ELECTRICIANS, EMPLOYABILITY, EMPLOYMENT, ENGINEERS, EQUIPMENT, EXPLORATION, FARMERS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN RESOURCES, IDEAS, INCOME DISTRIBUTION, INCOMES, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION, JOBS, LABOR ECONOMICS, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES, LABOR OFFICE, LABOR STANDARD, LABORERS, LABOUR, LABOUR FORCE, LITERACY, MATHEMATICS, MEMORY, OCCUPATION, OCCUPATIONAL CLASSIFICATION, OCCUPATIONS, PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, PROBLEM SOLVING, PRODUCTION PROCESS, PRODUCTIVITY, RAW DATA, SERVICE SECTORS, SKILL STRUCTURE, SKILL TYPE, TECHNICIANS, TRAITS, WORK FORCE, WORKER, WORKFORCE, WORKPLACE