What are the Constraints to Inclusive Growth in Zambia?

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2014-07-18T22:42:00Z
dc.date2014-07-18T22:42:00Z
dc.date2008-07
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:59:17Z
dc.descriptionDespite positive, relatively broad-based and stable growth record in recent years and immense untapped potential in agriculture, mining and services, Zambia's poverty rates have not declined significantly and remain high. Income growth is limited by coordination failures such as poor access to domestic and international markets, inputs, extension services and information. High indirect costs - most of which attributable to infrastructure service-related inputs into production including energy, transport, telecom, water, but also insurance, marketing and professional service - undermine Zambia's competitiveness limit job creation and therefore serve as a major constraint to pro-poor growth. Continued real appreciation is another serious threat to the competitiveness of export-oriented and import-competing sectors and to job creation. For Zambia to stay competitive and sustain the growth momentum it will be critical to improve productivity - including the productivity of its labor force, and to lower indirect production costs related to basic services. Carefully crafted monetary and fiscal policies will also be critical in responding to the real appreciation pressures. Improving the quality and access to secondary and tertiary education is essential if the poor are to benefit from future growth of the non-farm economy. Weak governance and in particular poor government effectiveness, are factors behind the market coordination failures and the identified government failures, and are as such major obstacles to inclusive growth in Zambia.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/07/9940525/zambia-constraints-inclusive-growth-zambia
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/18925
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/18925
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/413913
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS LEVEL
dc.subjectACCESS TO CAPITAL
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectACCESS TO EDUCATION
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCE
dc.subjectACCESS TO MARKETS
dc.subjectACCESS TO SAVING
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL CREDITS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL MARKETS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL OUTPUT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL SECTOR
dc.subjectARABLE LAND
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNT
dc.subjectBANK ACCOUNTS
dc.subjectBANK BRANCHES
dc.subjectBANK DEPOSIT
dc.subjectBANK LOANS
dc.subjectBANKING SECTOR
dc.subjectBINDING CONSTRAINT
dc.subjectBUSINESS ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectBUSINESS OWNERS
dc.subjectCAPITAL FORMATION
dc.subjectCAPITAL GOODS
dc.subjectCAPITAL INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectCOAL
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL BANKS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL FARMERS
dc.subjectCOMMERCIAL FARMING
dc.subjectCOMMODITY PRICES
dc.subjectCOORDINATION FAILURES
dc.subjectCORRUPTION
dc.subjectCOST OF CAPITAL
dc.subjectCOUNTRY COMPARISONS
dc.subjectCREDIT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectCREDITWORTHINESS
dc.subjectDEBT
dc.subjectDEBT PAYMENTS
dc.subjectDEBT RELIEF
dc.subjectDEBT SERVICE
dc.subjectDEPOSIT
dc.subjectDEPOSIT ACCOUNT
dc.subjectDEPOSITS
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDOMESTIC CREDIT
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC AGENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectECONOMIC POLICY
dc.subjectECONOMIC SITUATION
dc.subjectEDUCATION LEVELS
dc.subjectEMPLOYER
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT GROWTH
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectENDOWMENTS
dc.subjectENROLLMENT
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectEXCESS DEMAND
dc.subjectEXCESS SUPPLY
dc.subjectEXCHANGE CONTROLS
dc.subjectEXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXPORT PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectEXPORT SHARE
dc.subjectEXPORT SHARES
dc.subjectEXPORTERS
dc.subjectEXTERNAL DEBT
dc.subjectEXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectFARMER
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICE
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectFISCAL POLICIES
dc.subjectFISHERIES
dc.subjectFISHING
dc.subjectFIXED COSTS
dc.subjectFOREIGN CURRENCY
dc.subjectFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT
dc.subjectFOREIGN EXCHANGE
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectGLOBAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT BUDGET
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT BUDGET DEFICIT
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REVENUE
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHIGH INTEREST RATES
dc.subjectHOLDING
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHOUSING
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectINCOME DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectINCOME GROUPS
dc.subjectINCOME GROWTH
dc.subjectINCOME LEVEL
dc.subjectINDIRECT COST
dc.subjectINDIVIDUALS WITHOUT ACCESS
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFLATION
dc.subjectINFORMAL BORROWING
dc.subjectINFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectINFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectINFORMATION ON BORROWERS
dc.subjectINSECURE PROPERTY
dc.subjectINSTRUMENT
dc.subjectINSURANCE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE SPREAD
dc.subjectINTEREST RATE SPREADS
dc.subjectINTERMEDIATE GOODS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FINANCE
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL MARKETS
dc.subjectINVESTMENT CLIMATE
dc.subjectINVESTMENT FLOWS
dc.subjectIRREGULAR INCOME
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectLABOR COSTS
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR MOBILITY
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLACK OF CREDIT
dc.subjectLAND RIGHTS
dc.subjectLEGAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectLENDERS
dc.subjectLEVY
dc.subjectLIMITED ACCESS
dc.subjectLIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOAN
dc.subjectLOCAL CURRENCY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY
dc.subjectMACROECONOMIC RISKS
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMARKET INFRASTRUCTURE
dc.subjectMETALS
dc.subjectMFI
dc.subjectMICRO CREDIT
dc.subjectMICRO ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMICRO FINANCE
dc.subjectMICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION
dc.subjectMICRO-CREDIT
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE
dc.subjectMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS
dc.subjectMIGRATION
dc.subjectMINES
dc.subjectMOBILE PHONE
dc.subjectMONETARY POLICY
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectPENSION
dc.subjectPERSONAL LOANS
dc.subjectPLEDGES
dc.subjectPOOR ACCESS
dc.subjectPOSITIVE EXTERNALITIES
dc.subjectPRIVATE LOANS
dc.subjectPRIVATIZATION
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPRODUCTION COSTS
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE RESOURCES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROPERTY RIGHTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC INVESTMENTS
dc.subjectPUBLIC REGISTRIES
dc.subjectREAL ESTATE
dc.subjectREAL EXCHANGE RATE
dc.subjectREMITTANCES
dc.subjectRETURN
dc.subjectRETURNS
dc.subjectRISK PREMIUMS
dc.subjectSAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSAVINGS
dc.subjectSELF EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSETTLEMENT
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSMALL FARMERS
dc.subjectSMALLHOLDER
dc.subjectSMALLHOLDERS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SAFETY NETS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SERVICES
dc.subjectSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE GROWTH
dc.subjectTAX
dc.subjectTAX ADMINISTRATION
dc.subjectTAX CODE
dc.subjectTAX COLLECTION
dc.subjectTAX EXEMPT
dc.subjectTAX EXEMPT STATUS
dc.subjectTAX INCENTIVE
dc.subjectTAX POLICY
dc.subjectTAX RATES
dc.subjectTAX SYSTEM
dc.subjectTAXATION
dc.subjectTRADE FACILITATION
dc.subjectTRADE TAXES
dc.subjectTRADING
dc.subjectTRANSPORT
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVILLAGES
dc.subjectWAGE DIFFERENTIAL
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWAREHOUSE
dc.subjectWAREHOUSES
dc.titleWhat are the Constraints to Inclusive Growth in Zambia?

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