Seasonal methane emissions in paddy rice with two cultivars in the southeast of Brasil.
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Resumo: Flooded rice cultivation represents one of the main global anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4), a major greenhouse gas that strongly affects atmospheric photochemistry. CH4 production and emissions are influenced by several factors, such as climate, organic residues in water and soil, root exudates, water management, soil physicochemical and biological characteristics, and the cultivar. There are few studies in Brazil focused on the influence of cultivars on CH4 emissions. This experiment aimed to evaluate seasonal methane emissions using two varieties, IAC 105 and Epagri 106, in a pre-germinated cultivation system with a continuous water regime in the municipality of Pindamonhangaba, São Paulo. Methane emissions were quantified using the static chamber method and chromatographic analysis. Methane emissions increased with increasing tillering, with the main peak occurring at flowering. Despite the different life cycles of the varieties, no significant difference was found between seasonal methane emissions (117.91 kg CH4 ha-1 for IAC 105 and 108.92 kg CH4 ha-1 for Epagri 106). These emissions were not related to plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield. An emission factor of 0.98 kg CH4 ha-1 day-1 was estimated for IAC 105 and 0.95 kg CH4 ha-1 day-1 for Epagri 106. The yield-scaled pGWP (YpGWP) was estimated at 1.02 kg CO2eq kg-1 grain for both cultivars.
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Flooded rice, Pre-germinated system, IAC 105, Epagri 106, Arroz Inundado, Metano, Efeito Estufa, Rice, Paddy soils, Greenhouse gas emissions, Cultivars, methane