FOOD SECURITY, POVERTY, AND ECONOMIC POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
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In MENA, household food insecurity, which is closely related to poverty
and undernourishment, is most severe in rural areas and concentrated within Iraq, Sudan,
and Yemen. 25% of the MENA population may be poor and 7% undernourished. The key
to increased national and household-level food security is pro-poor growth, driven by
export-oriented, labor-intensive sectors. Agricultural sector policies should be
subordinate to the pro-poor growth goal and not to the goal of food self-sufficiency. Such
a strategy requires conflict resolution; macroeconomic stability; physical and human
capital accumulation; reliance on markets and the private sector, and diffusion of
ecologically friendly farming practices.