ISOENZYMATIC ANALYSIS FOR DETECTING In Vitro VARIABILITY AND/OR STABILITY OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CROPS

Regla M.   Lara; Marilyn  Florido; Dagmara   Plana; Olivia   Moré; María E.   González; Marta   Álvarez; María M.   Hernández

ISOENZYMATIC ANALYSIS FOR DETECTING In Vitro VARIABILITY AND/OR STABILITY OF ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CROPS

Autores

Editor

Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas

Descripción

One of the most frequent problems for developing tissue culture techniques is the loss of genetic stability, because micropropagated materials under these conditions usually produce non-normal regenerating plants or somaclonal variants of the original varieties. However, sometimes, much advantage from these genetic disorders is taken in different plant breeding programs. It is, for this reason, important to monitor genetic stability of the material obtained, isoenzymatic techniques being very useful for this purpose. The objective of this work was to study the stability and/or genetic variability generated under these conditions. For doing so, electrophoretic analyses were performed to different enzymatic systems coming from potato embryogenic calluses, as well as to leaf tissue of tomato, soybean and coffee vitroseedlings, regenerated under in vitro conditions. The analysis was carried out using polyacrilamide gels at different concentrations, depending on the revealed enzymatic system, using a Mighty Small II vertical electrophoresis unit from "Pharmacia Biotech". With the use of isoenzymes, monomorphism was detected in tomato, coffee and soybean electrophoretic patterns, which allowed corroborating the genetic stability in these crops. On the other hand, potato calluses showed certain variations in the electrophoretic patterns of peroxidases and esterases; by means of such systems, it is feasible to detect any possible somaclonal variant in this crop. The results also allowed corroborating the importance of using such techniques as an auxiliary tool for carrying out in vitro regeneration processes, as well as their application for monitoring genetic stability in other micropropagated vegetable species under these conditions.