Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
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World Bank Group, Washington, DC
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Using bilateral migration flow data from
the 2010 population census of Nepal, this paper provides
evidence on the importance of public infrastructure and
services in determining migration flows. The empirical
specification, based on a generalized nested logit model,
corrects for the non-random selection of migrants. The
results show that migrants prefer areas that are nearer to
paved roads and have better access to electricity. Apart
from electricity's impact on income and through income
on migration, the econometric results indicate that migrants
attach substantial amenity value to access to electricity.
These findings have important implications for the placement
of basic infrastructure projects and the way benefits from
these projects are evaluated.
Palabras clave
ADULT POPULATION, AGRICULTURE, AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME, BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE, BUDGET CONSTRAINTS, CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, CONGESTION, COST FUNCTIONS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, DISTRICTS, DRIVING, ECONOMETRICS, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION, ELASTICITIES, ELASTICITY, ELECTRICITY, EQUATIONS, ETHNICITY, EXPECTED UTILITY, EXTERNALITIES, FAMILIES, GENDER, HEALTH SERVICES, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HOUSING, HOUSING PRICES, IMMIGRANT, IMMIGRATION POLICIES, INCOME EFFECT, INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS, INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, INFRASTRUCTURES, INTERNAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, LABOR MARKET, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, MIGRANT, MIGRANTS, MIGRATION, MIGRATION DATA, MIGRATION FLOW, MIGRATION FLOWS, MOBILITY, NESTED LOGIT MODEL, PER CAPITA INCOME, PERMANENT INCOME, PLACE OF RESIDENCE, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION CENSUSES, POPULATION DENSITY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRODUCTIVITY, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC, PUBLIC GOOD, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, QUALITY OF LIFE, REFUGEES, RELIGION, RESPECT, RISK AVERSION, ROAD, ROADS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SCHOOL QUALITY, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SKILLED MIGRANTS, SKILLED WORKERS, SOCIAL NETWORKS, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TOWNS, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORTATION COST, TRAVEL TIME, TRUE, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, URBAN AREAS, URBAN MIGRATION, URBANIZATION, UTILITIES, UTILITY FUNCTION, UTILITY MAXIMIZATION, WAGES