Addressing H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
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Following H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks in the Republic of Cameroon in May and September 2016, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) prepared a qualitative assessment in order to evaluate the risks of the introduction of the virus into neighbouring countries with Cameroon that have so far not reported occurrence of the disease through poultry movements and trade relations (i.e. the Central African Republic, the Republic of Chad, the Republic of the Congo, the Republic of Equatorial Guinea and the Gabonese Republic). The Federal Republic of Nigeria has been affected by H5N1 HPAI outbreaks in poultry since December 2014 and circulation of the virus is considered to be endemic. Though bordering Cameroon, Nigeria was, therefore, not included in the assessment given that the virus is already present there. The qualitative assessment is based on information available as of 15 September 2016 and will be revised as circumstances change. The reader should also note that the uncertainty in the assessment of the different levels of likelihood remains high, since there is need for a better understanding of the poultry sector at local, national and regional levels as well as poultry movement patterns and related issues to provide a more precise assessment.