Ghana : Improving the Targeting of Social Programs
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World Bank
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This study, a draft of which was shared
with the Government of Ghana in November 2009, provides a
basic diagnostic of the benefit incidence and targeting
performance of a large number of social programs in Ghana.
Both broad-based programs (such as spending for education
and health, and subsidies for food, oil-related products,
and electricity) as well as targeted programs (such as
Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty, or LEAP, the
indigent exemption under the National Health Insurance
Scheme (NHIS), school lunches and uniforms, or fertilizer
subsidies) are considered. In addition, the study provides
tools and recommendations for better targeting of those
programs in the future. The tools include new maps and data
sets for geographic targeting according to poverty and food
security, as well as ways to implement proxy means-testing.
This executive summary provides a brief synthesis of the key
findings and messages from the study.
Palabras clave
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, BENEFICIARIES, CALORIC INTAKE, CAP, CAS, CASH TRANSFERS, CONFLICT, CORRECTIVE MEASURES, CROWDING OUT, DATA COLLECTION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC SHOCKS, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, EXTREME POVERTY, FARMERS, FOOD CROPS, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD ITEMS, FOOD POLICY, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PRICES, FOOD SECURITY, GDP, GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH SERVICES, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY DATA, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, IMPACT ON POVERTY, INCIDENCE ANALYSIS, INCOME, INEQUALITY, INTERVENTION, INTERVENTIONS, LIVELIHOOD, MALNUTRITION, MIGRATION, MONTHLY ALLOWANCES, MORTALITY, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY LINE, NGO, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLITICAL SUPPORT, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR CHILDREN, POOR DISTRICTS, POOR FAMILIES, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR INDIVIDUALS, POOR LIVING, POSTNATAL CARE, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY HEADCOUNT, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY MAP, POVERTY MAPPING, POVERTY MAPS, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT, POVERTY REDUCTION PROGRAMS, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES, PROGRAM IMPACTS, PSU, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SPENDING, PUBLIC WORKS, RURAL, RURAL BANKS, SAFETY NETS, SAM, SAMPLE SIZE, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SCHOOL FEEDING, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SELF TARGETING, SERVICE DELIVERY, SIMULATIONS, SOCIAL INDICATORS, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL WORKERS, SQUARED POVERTY GAP, TARGETED TRANSFERS, TARGETING, TARGETING MECHANISMS, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, UNEMPLOYMENT, WAGES, WELFARE INDICATORS, WORKERS