Mongolia : Raising Female Participation in the Large Scale Mining Sector
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
World Bank, Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
As Mongolia has begun to develop its
abundant mineral resources over the past decade, the share
of mining in gross domestic product (GDP) has more than
tripled to around 20 percent currently. The sector has also
contributed up to a third of total government receipts in
recent years and more than 80 percent of exports in 2010.
Evidence suggests that women tend to miss out on the
potential benefits associated with a booming mining sector.
In addition, large scale mines typically tend to be the
dominant employers in remote locations. The policy note
starts by gauging potential growth and employment effects
associated with the expansion of the mining sector on other
sectors, using a computable general equilibrium model
specially calibrated for the Mongolian economy. It then
considers experience and lessons from other countries that
are trying to integrate and ensure the participation of
women in large-scale mining and the practical policy
recommendations to do so. The key findings are that there is
a high degree of occupational segmentation in the mining
sector, with women mostly located in service support roles,
although this is by no means unique to Mongolia. However in
Mongolia's case, this segmentation also likely reflects
Mongolian labor regulations that existed until 2008 and
which limited women s participation in the sector. Evidence
from around the world indicates that gender equal laws are a
necessary and crucial first step towards guaranteeing gender
equality and equity, but by themselves are not sufficient.
Companies may also consider revising recruitment or hiring
strategies with the objective of raising the share of female
employment across all professional categories in the mining sector.
Palabras clave
ADOPTION, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION, AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AID, ASSISTANCE TO WOMEN, AWARENESS RAISING, AWARENESS RAISING ACTIVITIES, BANK, BENEFIT, BENEFITS, BREASTFEEDING, BUSINESS EDUCATION, BUSINESS NETWORKS, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES, BUSINESS TRAINING, CAPITAL, CAPITAL FORMATION, CAREER ADVANCEMENT, CAREER DEVELOPMENT, CHILD, CHILD CARE, CHILDREN, COMMITTEE ON GENDER, CORRUPTION, COUNTRY GENDER ASSESSMENT, COURTS, CULTURAL FACTORS, CULTURAL NORMS, CURRENT ACCOUNT, DEPOSIT, DEPOSITS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DISCRIMINATION, DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN, DISEASE, DOCTOR, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, DONORS, ECONOMIC CRISIS, ECONOMIC SURVIVAL, EMPLOYEES, EMPLOYERS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES, EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, EQUAL OPPORTUNITY, EQUAL RIGHTS, EQUITY, ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURE, EXPLOITATION, FAMILIES, FAMILY, FAMILY LAW, FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS, FEE, FEMALE, FEMALE EMPLOYEES, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, FEMALE STAFF, FEMALE STUDENTS, FEMALE SUCCESS, FEMALE WORKERS, FINANCE, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION, GENDER, GENDER ASSESSMENT, GENDER CONSIDERATIONS, GENDER DIMENSIONS, GENDER DISCRIMINATION, GENDER DISPARITIES, GENDER EQUALITY, GENDER EQUALITY AWARENESS, GENDER EQUITY, GENDER IMBALANCES, GENDER ISSUES, GENDER MAINSTREAMING, GENDER PERSPECTIVE, GENDER RELATIONS, GENDER STEREOTYPING, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GOVERNMENT POLICY, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, HOME, HOUSE, HOUSEHOLD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD INVESTMENT, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSES, HUMAN RESOURCES, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS INSTRUMENTS, INFORMAL SECTOR, INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS, INPUT PRICES, INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS, INVESTMENT, KEY CHALLENGE, LABOR CODE, LABOR FORCE, LABOR LAWS, LABOR MARKETS, LABOR SHORTAGES, LABOR SUPPLY, LABOUR SHORTAGES, LABOUR SUPPLY, LAW ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, LAW ON GENDER EQUALITY, LAWS, LEGAL RIGHTS, MALES, MANDATES, MATERNITY LEAVE, MEAT, MICRO CREDIT, MICRO-CREDIT, MIGRATION, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MOTHERS, NATIONAL COMMITTEE, NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION, NATIONAL LAW, NATIONAL POLICIES, NATURAL RESOURCE, NUMBER OF WOMEN, OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN, PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN, PARTNERS, PAYMENTS, PEOPLE, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICAL HEALTH, PHYSICAL NEEDS, POLICY RESEARCH, POPULATION, POPULATION GROWTH, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRINT MEDIA, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, PRIVATE SAVINGS, PROFITABILITY, PROGRESS, PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY, PROSTITUTES, REAL ESTATE, RECEIPTS, RECRUITMENT TARGETS, REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, RESPECT, RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMEN, REVENUE, REVENUES, ROLE MODELS, SANITATION, SAVING, SAVINGS, SECURITY, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SEXUAL DISCRIMINATION, SEXUAL HARASSMENT, SKILLED LABOUR, SKILLED PROFESSIONALS, SKILLED WORKERS, SMALL BUSINESS, SOCIAL AFFAIRS, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL WELFARE, STATUS OF WOMEN, STUDENT, STUDENTS, SUPPORT SERVICES, TECHNICAL SKILLS, TECHNICAL TRAINING, TOLERANCE, TRADE UNIONS, TRANSPORTATION, TREATIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN DEVELOPMENT, VICTIMS, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, WHO, WILL, WIVES, WOMAN, WOMEN, WOMEN EMPLOYEES, WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS, WOMEN WORKERS, WORK FORCE, WORKFORCE, WORKING CONDITIONS, WORKSHOP, WORKSHOPS, YOUTH