Ecuador - Crisis, Poverty and Social Services (Vol. 2 of 2) : Annexes
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Washington, DC
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Over the past decade, Ecuador has
suffered natural disasters, political instability, and
financial crises. These events have occurred in the context
of already low economic growth and high income inequality
and poverty and have exposed the poor to the risk of
irreversible losses of assets, including human capital. This
paper updates our knowledge of poverty in Ecuador. Chapter 1
describes the high poverty and income inequality in Ecuador,
and how both poverty and inequality have been increasing in
recent years. Chapter 2 describes the current crisis, the
effect of the crisis on the poor and the near-poor, and
Government stabilization in response to the crisis. Chapter
3 focuses on the provision of basic public services of
nutrition, health, and education to the poor. Chapter 4
reviews those public sector programs specifically targeted
on the poor. It begins with the Bono Solidario, and then
reviews programs that benefit each of the especially
vulnerable groups among the poor. It ends with an assessment
of social infrastructure program which have the potential to
generate employment. Chapter 5 examines policy options to
provide income support, to prevent irreversible physical and
mental losses and losses in human capital. Finally, Chapter
6 estimates the cost of implementing the strategy discussed
in the previous chapters, and assesses the possibilities of
financing the strategy within the Government's expected
social sector resource envelope.
Palabras clave
POVERTY REDUCTION, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, INCOME INEQUALITIES, RURAL POVERTY, CHILDREN IN POVERTY, POOR WOMEN, PREGNANT WOMEN, ECONOMIC CRISIS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL SERVICES ACCESS, UNIVERSAL SOCIAL PROTECTION, TARGETED ASSISTANCE, CASH TRANSFERS, VULNERABLE GROUPS, AGED ADULTS, HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, SCHOOL ENROLLMENT, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, SOCIAL SECTOR INVESTMENT CANCER, CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, DEBT, DECENTRALIZATION, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT GENERATION, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPENDITURE, FISCAL, GIRLS, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH PROVIDERS, HEALTH SECTOR, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCIDENCE ANALYSIS, INTEGRATED HEALTH CARE, MODERNIZATION OF THE STATE, MOTHERS, NATIONS, NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, PHARMACY, PUBLIC SUBSIDIES, PURCHASING POWER, SCHOOLS, SOCIAL PARTICIPATION, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL WELFARE, UNIFORMS