Challenges of CAFTA : Maximizing the Benefits for Central America
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Washington, DC : World Bank
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The report provides a preliminary
assessment of DR-CAFTA (the Dominican Republic and Central
American Free trade Agreement), with particular attention to
three key themes: (1) expected trade and non-trade benefits,
(2) actions that Central American countries need to pursue
to capitalize optimally on the new opportunities, and (3)
identification of the population groups that may require
assistance to adapt to a more competitive environment. The
Introductory Chapter reviews the main findings of the
report. Chapter 2 places DR-CAFTA in the historical context
of the economic reforms that Central America has been
undertaking since the late 1980s. Chapter 3 provides a
summary overview of the recently negotiated DR-CAFTA.
Chapter 4 reviews various analyses that assess the potential
impacts of DR-CAFTA in Central American countries. Chapter 5
focuses on the identification of potentially affected
populations from the easing of trade restrictions in
sensitive agricultural products and analyzes policy options
to assist vulnerable groups. Chapter 6 reviews evidence
related to key macroeconomic implications of DR-CAFTA,
namely the potential revenue losses and effect on the
patterns of business-cycle synchronization. Chapter 7
reviews evidence from each Central American country in the
areas of trade facilitation, institutional and regulatory
reforms, and innovation and education, in order to identify
key priorities for the complementary agenda for DR-CAFTA.
Palabras clave
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, AGRICULTURE, APPAREL, APPAREL EXPORT, APPAREL INDUSTRY, APPAREL SECTOR, APPAREL TRADE, AUTOREGRESSION, AVERAGE TARIFFS, BANKING SYSTEMS, BENCHMARKING, BILATERAL TRADE, BILATERAL TRADE AGREEMENTS, BRIBERY, BUSINESS CYCLE, BUSINESS CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION, CENTRAL AMERICA, CIVIL SOCIETY, COMMODITY TRADE, COMMON MARKET, CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION, CONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATION, CONSUMERS, CUSTOMS, CUSTOMS PROCEDURES, DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS, DIVERSIFIED EXPORTS, DOMESTIC FIRMS, DOMESTIC REFORMS, DUTY-FREE ACCESS, DYNAMIC GAINS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC SECTORS, ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, ECONOMICS RESEARCH, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, ELASTICITY, EQUILIBRIUM, EUROPEAN UNION, EXPANSION OF TRADE, EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION, EXPORT GROWTH, EXPORT PROCESSING, EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE, EXPORT PROSPECTS, EXPORT VALUE, EXPORT VOLUMES, FACTOR PRICE, FINANCIAL SERVICES, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, FOREIGN TECHNOLOGIES, FOSTERING TRADE, FREE ACCESS, FREE TRADE, FREE TRADE AGREEMENT, FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS, FREE TRADE AREA, GDP, GDP PER CAPITA, GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS, GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, GROSS ENROLLMENT RATE, GROWTH, GROWTH RATES, IMPACT OF TRADE, IMPORT TAX, IMPORT TAXES, IMPORTS, INDUSTRY TRADE, INEFFICIENCY, INTEGRATION EFFORTS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTMENT FLOWS, INVESTMENT LEVELS, INVESTMENT MEASURES, LEGAL STATUS, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, MACROECONOMICS, MARKET ACCESS, NET EXPORTS, NONTARIFF BARRIERS, POLICY PRIORITIES, POLITICAL FACTORS, POSITIVE EFFECTS, PREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS, PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT, PRICE CHANGES, PROCESS OF ADJUSTMENT, PROTECTION LEVELS, PUBLIC POLICY, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, RECIPROCAL ACCESS, RECIPROCITY, REGIONAL AGREEMENTS, REGIONAL INTEGRATION, REGIONAL TRADE, REGIONAL TRADE INTEGRATION, REGULATIONS, REGULATORY REFORMS, REMOVAL OF TRADE BARRIERS, RESTRICTIVE RULES OF ORIGIN, RULES OF ORIGIN, SOCIAL PROTECTION, STATIC GAINS, SUBSIDIARY RIGHTS, SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES, TARIFF CLASSIFICATION, TARIFF ELIMINATION, TARIFF PREFERENCE LEVEL, TARIFF RATES, TARIFF REDUCTION, TAX REVENUES, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY, TRADE, TRADE AGREEMENT, TRADE BARRIERS, TRADE DIVERSIFICATION, TRADE FACILITATION, TRADE FLOWS, TRADE IN SERVICES, TRADE INTEGRATION, TRADE LIBERALIZATION, TRADE OPENNESS, TRADE POLICIES, TRADE POLICY, TRADE PREFERENCES, TRADE REFORMS, TRADE RESTRICTIONS, TRADE STRUCTURE, TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT, TRADING PARTNER, TRANSITION PERIODS, TRANSPORT COSTS, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNILATERAL PREFERENCES, UNILATERAL TRADE, UNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION, UNSKILLED LABOR, VALUE ADDED, VALUE-ADDED TAX, WAGES, WELFARE GAINS, WORLD TRADE, WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION, WTO