Strategic Environmental Assessment
            in Policy and Sector Reform : Conceptual Model and
            Operational Guidance

World Bank; University of Gothenburg; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment

Strategic Environmental Assessment in Policy and Sector Reform : Conceptual Model and Operational Guidance

Autores

World Bank

University of Gothenburg

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Netherlands Commission for Environmental Assessment

Editor

World Bank

Descripción

Around the world, it is increasingly being recognized that for sustainability goals to be reached, efforts need to go beyond complying with standards and mitigating adverse impacts, to identifying environmental sustainability as an objective of the development process. This approach requires the integration of environmental, sustainability, and climate change considerations into policy and sector reform. Because sector reform brings about significant policy change involving adjustments in laws, policies, regulations, and institutions, it is a sensitive political process often driven by strong economic interests. Policy makers are subject to a number of political pressures that originate in vested interests. The recommendations of environmental assessment are often of little relevance unless there are constituencies that support them and have sufficient political power to make their voices heard in the policy process. While strong constituencies are important during the design of sector reform, they are even more important during implementation. It follows that effective environmental assessment in policy and sector reform requires strong constituencies backing up recommendations, a system to hold policy makers accountable for their decisions, and institutions that can balance competing and, sometimes, conflicting interests.

Palabras clave

ACCESS TO INFORMATION, ACCOUNTABILITY, BANKS, BENEFIT ANALYSIS, CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES, COST-BENEFIT, COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS, COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS, DECISION MAKING, DEFORESTATION, DONOR COMMUNITY, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES, EXPLOITATION, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FOREST, FORESTRY, FORESTS, GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE, GOOD GOVERNANCE, GOVERNANCE DIMENSIONS, GOVERNANCE PROGRAM, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS, GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS, IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES, INCOME, INITIATIVE, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INVESTIGATIONS, JUSTICE, LAWS, LEADERSHIP, LEGAL STATUS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MEDIA, MINES, MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS, NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS, NATURAL RESOURCE, NATURAL RESOURCES, PARTNERSHIP, POLICY ACTION, POLICY AGENDA, POLICY CHANGE, POLICY CHANGES, POLICY DECISIONS, POLICY DESIGN, POLICY DEVELOPMENT, POLICY FORMATION, POLICY FORMULATION, POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, POLICY IMPLICATIONS, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, POLICY INTEGRATION, POLICY INTERVENTION, POLICY INTERVENTIONS, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY MAKING, POLICY PROCESS, POLICY PROCESSES, POLICY REFORM, POLICY SCIENCES, POLICY-MAKING, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POLLUTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION, PUBLIC POLICIES, REGIONAL POLICIES, REGULATORY AGENCIES, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE USE, RIVER, RULES OF CONDUCT, SEA, SEAS, SET ASIDE, SOCIALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE POLICIES, TRANSPARENCY, UTILITY ANALYSIS, WATER RESOURCES