R&D Institutes in ECA : A Reform Strategy

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dc.creatorRacine, Jean-Louis
dc.creatorGoldberg, Itzhak
dc.creatorGoddard, John Gabriel
dc.creatorKuriakose, Smita
dc.creatorKapil, Natasha
dc.date2012-08-13T10:52:06Z
dc.date2012-08-13T10:52:06Z
dc.date2009-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:18:08Z
dc.descriptionIn Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries, the states own and operate most of the research and development institutes (RDIs). These institutes often play an important and even dominant role in conducting research and development (R&D). In high-income economies, however, the private sector typically dominates R&D. Private sector research usually responds better to market incentives, resulting in more useful innovations than public sector R&D, although the two are complementary. In general, the economic impact of RDIs in ECA has been low. Although several ECA RDIs are able to publish and patent as much as their high-income economy counterparts, the quality of their research and ability to diffuse knowledge is lagging and their international publications are not highly cited. In addition, their patents are not translated into commercial applications through licensing or contract research with industry. A reform strategy is proposed here for RDIs in ECA, based on their relevance to national priorities, expected role as providers of public versus private goods, performance levels, and relation to relevant markets and users. When deciding on the appropriate ownership and management structures for the RDIs, governments need to distinguish among RDIs that provide mainly public goods, RDIs that sell or could possibly sell mainly private goods and services, and RDIs that produce public and private goods.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/04/11672273/rd-institutes-eca-reform-strategy
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/10255
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/10255
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/416861
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationEurope and Central Asia Knowledge Brief; Volume No. 3
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectBLOCK GRANTS
dc.subjectCAPABILITY
dc.subjectCOLLABORATION
dc.subjectCOMPARATOR COUNTRIES
dc.subjectCOMPETITIVENESS
dc.subjectCONTRACTORS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectEND USERS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectICT
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectINNOVATION
dc.subjectINNOVATIONS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL COMPARISON
dc.subjectKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectLICENSES
dc.subjectMARKET DEMAND
dc.subjectMATCHING GRANTS
dc.subjectPHYSICS
dc.subjectPRIVATE GOODS
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR
dc.subjectPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectPUBLIC
dc.subjectPUBLIC ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectPUBLIC GOODS
dc.subjectPUBLIC OWNERSHIP
dc.subjectPUBLIC PROCUREMENT
dc.subjectPUBLIC RESOURCES
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER
dc.subjectPURCHASING POWER PARITY
dc.subjectR&D
dc.subjectR&D SERVICES
dc.subjectRESULTS
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY PUSH
dc.subjectUNIVERSITIES
dc.subjectUSES
dc.titleR&D Institutes in ECA : A Reform Strategy

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