Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia

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dc.creatorErsado, Lire
dc.date2012-06-25T14:49:19Z
dc.date2012-06-25T14:49:19Z
dc.date2005-01
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:37:23Z
dc.descriptionThe author looks at the feasibility and potential of instituting small-scale irrigation dams to reduce Ethiopia s dependence on rainfed agriculture and the associated food insecurity. He develops a theoretical framework to assess the welfare implications of irrigation development programs and provides empirical evidence from microdam construction and reforestation projects in northern Ethiopia. The author pays particular attention to health-related costs of establishing small-scale irrigation dams in areas prone to waterborne diseases. While the theoretical analyses imply that the net welfare impacts of irrigation dams cannot be known a priori due to potential health costs, the empirical evidence shows that current agricultural yield and farm profit have increased in villages with closer proximity to the dams than in those more distant. The increased disease incidence due to standing pools of water has, however, led to significant declines in the returns from investment in irrigation water. Households with poor health are less likely to adopt productivity-enhancing as well as resource-conserving technologies, which are crucial for achieving the ultimate goal of sustainable agricultural development. The ensuing sickness has also led to reduction in labor allocation to off-farm activities. The findings underline the importance of weighing beforehand the magnitude of potential economic benefits against health costs of water development programs. The overall evidence, however, suggests that carefully designed irrigation dams could significantly improve agricultural production and food security, particularly in areas where waterborne diseases pose negligible risk to health or can be cost-effectively controlled.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/01/5617958/small-scale-irrigation-dams-agricultural-production-health-theory-evidence-ethiopia
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/8916
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3494
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/407590
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper; No. 3494
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCOUNTING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL CROPS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL MARKETING
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectAQUATIC PLANTS
dc.subjectCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectCRISES
dc.subjectCROPS
dc.subjectDEFORESTATION
dc.subjectDEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
dc.subjectDISEASES
dc.subjectDIVERSION
dc.subjectDROUGHT
dc.subjectDROUGHTS
dc.subjectECONOMETRICS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectECONOMIC BENEFITS
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC IMPACT
dc.subjectECONOMISTS
dc.subjectEMPIRICAL EVIDENCE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectEQUILIBRIUM
dc.subjectEROSION
dc.subjectEXOGENOUS VARIABLES
dc.subjectEXPECTED RETURNS
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectFARMING
dc.subjectFISHING
dc.subjectFOOD INSECURITY
dc.subjectFOOD POLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFORESTRY
dc.subjectFUELS
dc.subjectFUNCTIONAL FORMS
dc.subjectGARDEN
dc.subjectGARDEN CULTIVATION
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEATING
dc.subjectINCOME
dc.subjectINCOME EFFECT
dc.subjectINCOMES
dc.subjectLABOR ALLOCATION
dc.subjectLABOR ALLOCATIONS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLAND DEGRADATION
dc.subjectLAND USE
dc.subjectLEISURE
dc.subjectMARGINAL BENEFITS
dc.subjectMARGINAL COST
dc.subjectMARGINAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectMARGINAL UTILITY
dc.subjectMARKET WAGE
dc.subjectMULTIPLIERS
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCE BASE
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEW TECHNOLOGIES
dc.subjectNORMAL GOOD
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITY COST
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subjectOUTPUTS
dc.subjectPH
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPRECIPITATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION FUNCTION
dc.subjectPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPROFIT MAXIMIZATION
dc.subjectPROFIT MAXIMIZING
dc.subjectPROGRAMS
dc.subjectRAINFALL
dc.subjectRECLAMATION
dc.subjectRESOURCE USE
dc.subjectRISK MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectRIVERS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectSALINITY
dc.subjectSCIENCES
dc.subjectSEA
dc.subjectSEDIMENTATION
dc.subjectSHADOW PRICES
dc.subjectSIDE EFFECTS
dc.subjectSMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION
dc.subjectSOIL CONSERVATION
dc.subjectSTATIC ANALYSIS
dc.subjectSUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
dc.subjectSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT
dc.subjectTECHNOLOGY ADOPTION
dc.subjectTIME CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectTREES
dc.subjectUTILITY FUNCTION
dc.subjectUTILITY MAXIMIZATION
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS
dc.subjectWATER RESOURCE
dc.subjectWATER RESOURCES
dc.subjectWEALTH
dc.titleSmall-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia

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