Politique tarifaire locale ou nationale : Quel impact pour le contrôle des concentrations dans le secteur de la distribution ?

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The food retail sector is characterized by a competition among multi-market retailers that is highly localized. Multi-store retailers either price discriminate spatially or adopt a uniform pricing strategy among local markets. We analyze theoretically the effects of both pricing strategies (local or uniform) on merger control. We show that when one retailer adopts uniform pricing across stores, the anticompetitive effect of the merger on consumer welfare spreads on markets non directly affected by the merger. In addition, the effect of the merger on directly affected markets is enhanced when these markets are sufficiently more competitive than markets non directly affected by the merger. These results lead to reconsiderate the definition of relevant markets in merger control when one multi-market retailer uses local pricing.

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