Non-Farm Enterprises in Rural Africa : New Empirical Evidence

Vista sencilla de ítem
dc.creatorNagler, Paula
dc.creatorNaude, Wim
dc.date2014-11-12T21:14:20Z
dc.date2014-11-12T21:14:20Z
dc.date2014-10
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:46:19Z
dc.descriptionAlthough non-farm enterprises are ubiquitous in rural Sub-Saharan Africa, little is yet known about them. The motivation for households to operate enterprises, how productive they are, and why they exit the market are neglected questions. Drawing on the Living Standards Measurement Study -- Integrated Surveys on Agriculture and using discrete choice, selection model and panel data estimators, this paper provide answers using data from Ethiopia, Niger, Nigeria, Malawi, Tanzania, and Uganda. The necessity to cope following shocks, seasonality in agriculture, and household size can push rural households into operating a non-farm enterprise. Households are also pulled into entrepreneurship to exploit opportunities. Access to credit and markets, household wealth, and the education and age of the household head are positively associated with the likelihood of operating an enterprise. The characteristics are also associated with the type of business activity a household operates. Rural and female-headed enterprises and enterprises with young enterprise owners are less productive than urban and male-owned enterprises and enterprises with older owners. Shocks have a negative association with enterprise operation and productivity and a large share of rural enterprises does not operate continuously over a year. Enterprises cease operations because of low profits, a lack of finance, or the effects of idiosyncratic shocks. Overall the findings are indicative that rural enterprises are "small businesses in a big continent" where large distances, rural isolation, low population density, and farming risks limit productivity and growth.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/10/20299299/non-farm-enterprises-rural-africa-new-empirical-evidence
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/20512
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-7066
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/410744
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank Group, Washington, DC
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;No. 7066
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.subjectACCESS TO CREDIT
dc.subjectACCESS TO FINANCE
dc.subjectACCESS TO MARKETS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectBANDWIDTH
dc.subjectBARGAINING
dc.subjectBARRIERS TO ENTRY
dc.subjectBIASES
dc.subjectBUSINESS ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectBUSINESS ACTIVITY
dc.subjectBUSINESS CLIMATE
dc.subjectBUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
dc.subjectBUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
dc.subjectBUSINESS PERFORMANCE
dc.subjectBUSINESS VOLUME
dc.subjectCAPABILITIES
dc.subjectCOLLATERAL
dc.subjectCONFLICT
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION SMOOTHING
dc.subjectCREDIT MARKETS
dc.subjectCREDIT PROVISION
dc.subjectCROP PRODUCTION
dc.subjectDATA ANALYSIS
dc.subjectDATA MANIPULATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT BANK
dc.subjectDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
dc.subjectDISCRIMINATION
dc.subjectDIVERSIFICATION
dc.subjectDIVISION OF LABOUR
dc.subjectEARNINGS
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectECONOMIC SHOCKS
dc.subjectECONOMIC SYSTEMS
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectELECTRICITY
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT CREATION
dc.subjectENTERPRISE SECTOR
dc.subjectENTERPRISE SIZE
dc.subjectENTERPRISE SURVEY
dc.subjectENTERPRISE SURVEYS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP
dc.subjectENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectEXPENDITURE
dc.subjectEXTERNAL SHOCKS
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFAMILY BUSINESSES
dc.subjectFARM ACTIVITIES
dc.subjectFARM EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFARM ENTERPRISE
dc.subjectFARM ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectFARM HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectFARM INCOME
dc.subjectFARMERS
dc.subjectFARMLAND
dc.subjectFEMALE ENTREPRENEURS
dc.subjectFEMALE LABOR
dc.subjectFEMALE PARTICIPATION
dc.subjectFINANCIAL ASSETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL MARKETS
dc.subjectFINANCIAL SUPPORT
dc.subjectFIRM SIZE
dc.subjectFIRMS
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD EXPENDITURE
dc.subjectFOOD POLICY
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectFOOD SERVICES
dc.subjectFOOD SHORTAGE
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGOVERNMENT REGULATION
dc.subjectGREEN REVOLUTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEAD
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD HEADS
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD INCOME
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectHUSBANDS
dc.subjectIDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKS
dc.subjectINCOME ON FOOD
dc.subjectINDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEUR
dc.subjectINEQUALITY
dc.subjectINFORMAL INSURANCE
dc.subjectINSURANCE MARKETS
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL BANK
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectLABOR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOR PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectLABOR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLACK OF EDUCATION
dc.subjectLACK OF FINANCE
dc.subjectLACK OF INFORMATION
dc.subjectLACK OF KNOWLEDGE
dc.subjectLIVING STANDARDS
dc.subjectLOCAL BUSINESS
dc.subjectLOCALIZATION
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING
dc.subjectMANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMARKET ACCESS
dc.subjectMARKET FAILURES
dc.subjectMATERIAL
dc.subjectMEDIUM ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMICRO ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectMOTIVATION
dc.subjectNATURAL RESOURCES
dc.subjectNEW BUSINESS
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectOCCUPATIONS
dc.subjectOPEN ACCESS
dc.subjectOPPORTUNITY COSTS
dc.subjectPOLITICAL ECONOMY
dc.subjectPOOR
dc.subjectPOOR HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPRICE INFORMATION
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVE ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
dc.subjectPROFITABILITY
dc.subjectRATES OF RETURNS
dc.subjectRESULT
dc.subjectRESULTS
dc.subjectRETAIL PRICES
dc.subjectRETIREMENT
dc.subjectRISK FACTORS
dc.subjectRURAL
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectRURAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectRURAL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectRURAL FEMALE
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLD
dc.subjectRURAL HOUSEHOLDS
dc.subjectRURAL INCOME
dc.subjectRURAL LABOR
dc.subjectRURAL MARKET
dc.subjectRURAL POVERTY
dc.subjectSELF-EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESS
dc.subjectSMALL BUSINESSES
dc.subjectSOCIAL NETWORKS
dc.subjectSOCIAL SECURITY
dc.subjectSTART-UP
dc.subjectSTART-UP COSTS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ISSUES
dc.subjectTECHNICAL SKILLS
dc.subjectTRADE SALES
dc.subjectTRANSITION ECONOMIES
dc.subjectURBAN AREA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectUSES
dc.subjectVILLAGE
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWOMAN
dc.titleNon-Farm Enterprises in Rural Africa : New Empirical Evidence

Archivos

Colecciones

AgroKnow