Protection in Good and Bad Times? The Turkish Green Card Health Program
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This paper evaluates the equity and
financial protection implications of the expansion of the
Green Card (Yesil Kart) non-contributory health insurance
program in Turkey during the growth years from 2003 to 2008.
It also considers the program's protective impact
during the economic crisis in 2009. The authors find that
the rapid expansion of the program between 2003 and 2008 was
highly progressive. It led to significant gains in coverage
of the poor but offered limited financial protection as
out-of-pocket expenditures even before the introduction of
the program had been limited. Using a specialized welfare
monitoring survey, fielded in 2009, the authors estimate the
impact of the program on household level health care
utilization during the first phase of the economic slowdown
in Turkey. Using three different estimation techniques, they
find that the Green Card program had a significantly
positive impact on protecting health care utilization during
the crisis.
Palabras clave
BEDROOMS, CATASTROPHIC EXPENDITURE, CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING, CITIES, CURATIVE HEALTH CARE, DISTRICTS, ECONOMIC POLICY, ELDERLY PEOPLE, EMPLOYMENT, EXPENDITURES, FEMALE, FINANCIAL PROTECTION, FORMAL LABOR MARKET, GENDER, HEALTH AFFAIRS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH CARE COSTS, HEALTH CARE SERVICES, HEALTH CARE SPENDING, HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION, HEALTH COSTS, HEALTH DEMAND, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH FINANCING, HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE, HEALTH INSURANCE PLAN, HEALTH INSURANCE PROGRAM, HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME, HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SPENDING, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HEALTHCARE, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLDS, HOUSING, HOUSING CONDITIONS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCOME, INFANTS, INFORMAL SECTOR, INPATIENT CARE, INSURANCE PLAN, LIVING STANDARDS, MEDICAL CARE, MEDICAL CARE FOR THE POOR, OUTPATIENT CARE, POCKET PAYMENTS, POCKET PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE, POLICY DISCUSSIONS, POLICY RESEARCH, PRESCRIPTION DRUGS, PREVENTIVE CARE, PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE, PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES, PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICES, PRIVATE INSURANCE, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROBABILITY, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES, QUALITY OF CARE, SAFETY, SOCIAL INSURANCE, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SECURITY HEALTH INSURANCE, URBAN POPULATION, USE OF HEALTH SERVICES, VISITS