Characterization of sweet sorghum genotypes regarding adaptability and stability for biofuel production.
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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has significant potential as a raw material in the bioenergy sector. Consequently, sorghum breeding programs have focused on developing cultivars with agronomic, chemical, and industrial traits most suitable for biofuel production and adaptable to diverse climate conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and stability of sweet sorghum genotypes intended for biofuel production using Genotype and Genotype by Environment (GGE) biplots and select the most adapted and stable. The experiments were conducted across six environments located in Jaguariúna/SP, Nova Porteirinha/MG, Planaltina/DF, Sete Lagoas/MG, Sobral/CE, and Vilhena/RO. Twenty-five genotypes were assessed in a randomized complete block design with three replications, with plots consisting of two 5-m rows. Tons of stalks per hectare (TSH) (t ha-1), total soluble solids (TSS) (°Brix), and tons of Brix per hectare (TBH) (t ha-1) were analyzed using analysis of variance, GGE biplots, and Scott-Knott test. We found significant differences (p<0.01) for genotype, environment, and genotype×environment interactions. The environments most effective in discriminating the genotypes and their representativeness were Vilhena, Planaltina, and Sete Lagoas for TSS; Vilhena and Sete Lagoas for TSH; and Nova Porteirinha, Vilhena, and Sete Lagoas for TBH. Considering all traits, as well as adaptability and stability, the genotypes with the best performance were CMSXS5042, CMSXS5022, CMSXS5040, and CMSXS5041. Therefore, GGE biplots successfully identified the environments and the most adapted, stable, and promising sorghum genotypes for biofuel production.
Palabras clave
GGE biplot, Sorgo, Sorghum Bicolor, Melhoramento Vegetal, Biocombustível