Mongolia Country Program Evaluation FY05-13
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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From 2005 to 2013, a mining boom quickly
promoted Mongolia from a low-income to a middle-income
country. Although the World Bank Group strategy initially
overlooked the challenge of the mining boom, the new country
management team that came on board in 2005 decided to
prioritize mining issues in a more selective framework. This
involved taking a set of bold steps to support Bank Group
engagement in the extractive industry, including basing for
the first time a senior mining specialist in the field and
conducting an in-depth political economy analysis. Building
on this, the country team was able to design a comprehensive
program of outreach to the government, parliament, and civil
society to build a consensus on the need for efficient and
fiscally sustainable management of earnings from the
revenues derived from the mineral boom. The Independent
Evaluation Group considers the Bank’s performance to be
satisfactory; however, its contribution to outcomes remains
moderately satisfactory. The Bank revised its strategy to
adopt relevant objectives centered on the mining agenda and
designed an overall effective program. The Bank displayed
flexibility and innovation in implementing the program and
built awareness about environmental issues. As to results on
the ground, Bank projects have had a highly satisfactory
impact in improving rural livelihoods and reducing herders’
vulnerability. Looking ahead, the Bank Group would need to:
(i) build demand and capacity for good governance; (ii)
pursue efforts to improve public investment; (iii)
strengthen domestic capacity for policy simulation; (iv)
assist in the strengthening of the banking system; and (v)
support fiscal decentralization. In the interests of
selectivity, the Bank could scale back its support for the
urban sector.
Palabras clave
TARIFFS, OVERGRAZING, EMPLOYMENT, CAPITAL MARKETS, FISH, RECLAMATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, CARBON DIOXIDE, ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, AIR QUALITY, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, CARBON, INDUSTRY, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, BANKING SYSTEM, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, LABOR FORCE, SERVICES, RIVER BASINS, EMISSIONS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, REVENUES, CENTRALLY PLANNED ECONOMIES, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, INCENTIVES, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, MODELS, PROJECTS, PRIVATE PROPERTY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CONDITIONALITY, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, AUDITS, RESOURCE USE, BUDGET, PRESENT VALUE, FISCAL POLICIES, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, CROWDING OUT, AIR POLLUTION, OIL, POPULATION GROWTH, AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM, CAPITAL FORMATION, OPTIONS, TRANSFERS, GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, DEBT, BARRIERS TO ENTRY, ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY, LEGISLATION, POLLUTION, FORESTRY, LOANS, ENTERPRISES, NATURAL RESOURCES, SUBSIDIES, FINANCE, EFFICIENCY, FISHING, INFRASTRUCTURE, TAXES, BANKING SECTOR, EFFECTIVE USE, IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT, RESOURCES, UNEMPLOYMENT, POTENTIAL INVESTORS, EQUITY, CONSUMPTION, RURAL COMMUNITIES, ACCOUNTABILITY, CAPITAL, WAGES, CLIMATE CHANGE, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, VALUES, POLICY MAKERS, BANK, CREDIT, QUALITY STANDARDS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, PURCHASING POWER, DIVISION OF LABOR, DEFORESTATION, DEMAND, CPI, ABATEMENT, SUSTAINABLE USE, INTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERS, NATIONAL INCOME, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, ENVIRONMENTS, EXPENDITURES, PROPERTY, DECISION MAKING, FISCAL YEAR, ENVIRONMENT, ECONOMIC SITUATION, STREAMS, TERMS OF TRADE, SECURITIES, SUBSIDIARY, CAPITAL GOODS, GOVERNANCE, INSURANCE, MICROFINANCE, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, TRADE, LAND, TRANSFER PAYMENTS, RISK, COMMERCIAL BANKS, PRIVATE COSTS, COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE, COAL, FARMS, BANKING, WATER POLLUTION, DECENTRALIZATION, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, REVENUE, RISK MANAGEMENT, LENDING, LIVING CONDITIONS, PROFITS, ENVIRONMENTAL, LABOR MARKETS, ADB, GOVERNMENTS, SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE USE, FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION, PRICES, CONSUMER PROTECTION, ECONOMIES, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES