When and Where Do We See Regional Poverty Reduction and Convergence?
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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In the past decade, Turkey has
experienced a notable level of poverty reduction at all
levels (extreme poor, poor, and vulnerable). The steady
decline in poverty was also resilient to the decline in
gross domestic product per capita growth during the crisis.
However, although poverty convergence was strong before the
financial crisis, there was an absence of regional
convergence afterward. This paper analyzes poverty trends,
poverty convergence, economic mobility, and the determinants
of poverty reduction at the regional level over the period
2006–13. The analysis finds that agricultural growth in the
east was an important contributor to Turkey's regional
poverty reduction. In additionally, employment growth in the
services sectors boosted poverty reduction throughout the
entire country. From a fiscal perspective, the amount of per
capita central spending is also linked to poverty reduction,
although more strongly for regions in the west.
Palabras clave
POVERTY POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, POVERTY LINE, IMPACT ON POVERTY, ECONOMIC GROWTH, REGIONAL DUMMY, POVERTY LEVELS, MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS, INCOME POVERTY, REGIONAL GROUPINGS, INCOME, SCHOOLING, POVERTY INDICES, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY RATES, INCOME REGIONS, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, REGIONAL LEVEL, AGRICULTURAL SECTORS, HOUSING, POORER REGIONS, NATIONAL POVERTY, POVERTY GAP INDEX, REGIONAL HUB, INTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINES, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, MEASURES, POVERTY MEASURES, DRIVERS OF POVERTY REDUCTION, HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHICS, REGIONAL GROWTH, REGION, POVERTY REDUCTION, PRODUCTION PROCESS, REGIONAL POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY REDUCING, POLITICAL CONSTRAINTS, MOUNTAINOUS AREAS, TRANSFERS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, POVERTY STATUS, ESTIMATES OF POVERTY, CHRONIC POVERTY, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL PROTECTION, CONSUMPTION POVERTY, CHANGES IN POVERTY, REGIONAL DISPARITIES, REGIONAL VARIATION, REGIONAL POPULATION, WELFARE QUINTILES, COPING MECHANISMS, UNEMPLOYMENT, POVERTY LINES, CONSUMPTION, HUMAN CAPITAL, SOCIAL SPENDING, REGIONAL VARIATIONS, ECONOMIC SURVEYS, POVERTY INDEX, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REGIONAL DIFFERENCES, REGIONAL CENTERS, POVERTY MAPPING, SUSTAINABLE GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT, REGIONAL PATTERN, REGIONAL ACTIVITIES, ABSOLUTE POVERTY, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, RURAL, REGIONAL INTERACTION, POVERTY HEAD, REGIONAL TARGETING, POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT, TARGETING MECHANISMS, POVERTY LEVEL, PRIVATE TRANSFERS, EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE, INSURANCE, SOCIAL CAPITAL, TARGETING, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, WELFARE MEASURES, COASTAL REGIONS, REGIONS, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, EXTREME POVERTY, SPATIAL VARIATIONS, ACCESS TO SERVICES, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL AREAS, POVERTY, ABSOLUTE TERMS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, DECLINE IN POVERTY, POVERTY DYNAMICS, REGIONAL INCOME, POOR REGIONS, POVERTY RATE, POOR, MEDITERRANEAN REGION, POVERTY ALLEVIATION, POVERTY ANALYSIS, CENTRAL REGIONS, DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY, REGIONAL CONVERGENCE, INEQUALITY, POVERTY INCREASE