Ethiopia - Urban Labor Markets : Challenges and Prospects, Volume 2. Background Paper

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dc.creatorWorld Bank
dc.date2012-06-14T14:49:06Z
dc.date2012-06-14T14:49:06Z
dc.date2007-03
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T01:07:25Z
dc.descriptionThis report focuses on a central element of Ethiopia's challenge: the urban labor market. The headlines, which are detailed in the report, are dramatic, and include the following: open unemployment has been persistently high and average duration is long, though recent trends suggest improved performance. There is a significant segmentation-two relatively privileged sector in the public and formal private sectors, a massive informal sector and a large stock of unemployed. Individual transitions across these states have increased over time, but remain relatively limited. Formal sector employment in urban areas is dominated by the state and manufacturing sector employment remains among the lowest in the world. The majority of those who are working in urban areas are engaged in informal sector activity, typically as a last resort but also as a persistent state. Average wages are low, especially for the unskilled and in the informal sector, but productivity is also very low. Women are especially disadvantaged in the labor market-and typically face worse outcomes with higher levels of unemployment, lower wages, and a greater concentration in the informal sector. Many youth seem to enter the labor market through low quality jobs in the informal sector or into unemployment. The structure of this report is as follows. Volume I synthesizes the emerging findings and policy implications while Volume 2 presents a series of thematic chapters which summarize the underlying background work. In this volume the next chapter sets the stage for the analysis by clarifying the metrics of the key labor market indicators. Chapter 3 looks at the structure of urban labor markets and what has hindered their ability to generate jobs despite the acceleration of growth in the last few years. Chapter 4 focuses on the challenge of urban unemployment, while Chapter 5 looks at the effects of migration on urban labor markets. The final chapter in this volume reviews the emerging policy agenda.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/03/7471992/ethiopia-urban-labor-markets-challenges-prospects-vol-2-2-background-paper
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/7994
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/7994
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/415396
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWashington, DC
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACTIVE LABOUR
dc.subjectACTIVE LABOUR MARKET
dc.subjectACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES
dc.subjectADULT MALES
dc.subjectAGE DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectAGE GROUP
dc.subjectAGE GROUPS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCHILD LABOUR
dc.subjectCITY POPULATION
dc.subjectCORE LABOR STANDARDS
dc.subjectCULTURAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectEDUCATIONAL LEVEL
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT RATE
dc.subjectEMPLOYMENT STATUS
dc.subjectEXTENDED FAMILY
dc.subjectFAMILY COMPOSITION
dc.subjectFAMILY SIZE
dc.subjectFEMALE CHILDREN
dc.subjectFEMALE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFERTILITY RATES
dc.subjectGENDER
dc.subjectGENDER ROLES
dc.subjectGENERAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
dc.subjectHIV
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD SIZE
dc.subjectILLITERACY
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectINFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS
dc.subjectINFORMATION SYSTEM
dc.subjectINTERNAL MIGRATION
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE
dc.subjectJOB CREATION
dc.subjectJOB SEARCH
dc.subjectJOBS
dc.subjectLABOR MARKET
dc.subjectLABOUR
dc.subjectLABOUR FORCE
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKET INFORMATION
dc.subjectLABOUR MARKETS
dc.subjectLABOUR ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectLABOUR SUPPLY
dc.subjectLARGE CITIES
dc.subjectMANPOWER
dc.subjectMARITAL STATUS
dc.subjectMIGRANT
dc.subjectMIGRANTS
dc.subjectMIGRATION STATUS
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subjectOPEN UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPERCEPTION
dc.subjectPOLICY IMPLICATIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY RESEARCH
dc.subjectPOPULATION DECLINES
dc.subjectPOPULATION SIZE
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION
dc.subjectPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
dc.subjectPRIMARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectPULL FACTORS
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE AGE
dc.subjectRESPECT
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL PRODUCTIVITY
dc.subjectSECONDARY EDUCATION
dc.subjectSELF EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectSMALL ENTERPRISES
dc.subjectSOCIAL AFFAIRS
dc.subjectTOTAL EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYED YOUTH
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectUNEMPLOYMENT DURATION
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS
dc.subjectUNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATION
dc.subjectURBAN WOMEN
dc.subjectURBAN YOUTH
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL EDUCATION
dc.subjectVOCATIONAL SCHOOL
dc.subjectWAGE DATA
dc.subjectWAGE EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWED
dc.subjectYOUNG PEOPLE
dc.subjectYOUTH EMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectYOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT
dc.subjectYOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
dc.titleEthiopia - Urban Labor Markets : Challenges and Prospects, Volume 2. Background Paper

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