Inventory of Policy Responses to the Financial and Economic Crisis
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This report presents an overview of
general findings from International Labor Office (ILO) and
World Bank (WB) database. The report only uses a fraction of
this large and rich database and is an invitation for
researchers and practitioners to use the data for more
in-depth research, which can be helpful for policy makers in
identifying effective approaches to maintain and promote
employment, while protecting living standards during times
of crisis. The goal of this report is to take stock of
policy responses during the recent economic and financial
crisis and suggest areas where policy-makers should focus to
improve their capacity to respond to future shocks. The
report has following sections: section one gives
introduction. Section two begins with an overview of
macroeconomic and sector policies. Section three presents
analysis of labor market policies to promote labor demand.
Section four presents programs to facilitate job matching
and preserve skills. Section five is social protection.
Section six is minimum wages. Section seven is social
dialogue. Section 8 is international labor standards. The
last section summarizes key findings and proposes an agenda
for future work.
A principios de 2010, la OIT y el Banco Mundial decidieron aunar esfuerzos para realizar una encuesta sobre medidas de política adoptadas para hacer frente a la crisis, sobre la base de la estructura del Pacto Mundial para el Empleo. El presente Catálogo de políticas ha sido ideado como ejercicio pedagógico y didáctico. Expone el repertorio de medidas tomadas para hacer frente a la crisis y presenta además una base de datos con un repertorio de políticas puestas en práctica durante el punto máximo de la crisis financiera, en los años 2008 a 2010 que ofrece una herramienta analítica importantísima para conocer mejor a qué políticas recurrieron los países, qué intervenciones parecen haber dado mejor resultado, y cómo incide este aspecto en el diseño de los conjuntos de políticas para abordar eventuales crisis.
A principios de 2010, la OIT y el Banco Mundial decidieron aunar esfuerzos para realizar una encuesta sobre medidas de política adoptadas para hacer frente a la crisis, sobre la base de la estructura del Pacto Mundial para el Empleo. El presente Catálogo de políticas ha sido ideado como ejercicio pedagógico y didáctico. Expone el repertorio de medidas tomadas para hacer frente a la crisis y presenta además una base de datos con un repertorio de políticas puestas en práctica durante el punto máximo de la crisis financiera, en los años 2008 a 2010 que ofrece una herramienta analítica importantísima para conocer mejor a qué políticas recurrieron los países, qué intervenciones parecen haber dado mejor resultado, y cómo incide este aspecto en el diseño de los conjuntos de políticas para abordar eventuales crisis.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACTIVE LABOUR, ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET, ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES, ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICY, AFFECTED WORKERS, AGGREGATE DEMAND, AGRICULTURE, BANKRUPTCY, BONDS, BORROWING, CAPITAL MARKETS, CENTRAL BANK, CENTRAL BANKS, CHILD LABOR, CHILD WORK, COUNSELLING, DEADWEIGHT, DEBT, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DIMINISHING RETURNS, DIRECT JOB CREATION, DISABILITY, DISADVANTAGED GROUPS, DISADVANTAGED YOUTH, DISPLACEMENT, DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS, ECONOMETRIC MODELS, ECONOMETRICS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OUTLOOK, ECONOMIC RECOVERY, ECONOMIC RESEARCH, ECONOMICS, ELDERLY, EMPLOYABILITY, EMPLOYEE, EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, EMPLOYER CONTRIBUTIONS, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH RATE, EMPLOYMENT INCENTIVES, EMPLOYMENT OFFICES, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK, EMPLOYMENT POLICIES, EMPLOYMENT POLICY, EMPLOYMENT SERVICE, EMPLOYMENT SUBSIDIES, EMPLOYMENT SUBSIDY, EMPLOYMENT TRENDS, EXCHANGE RATES, EXPORTS, EXTREME POVERTY, FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES, FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL SECTOR, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FISCAL POLICIES, FISCAL POLICY, FULL EMPLOYMENT, GDP, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH-CARE POLICY, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT, HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, ILL HEALTH, IMPORTANT POLICY, INCOME GROUPS, INCOME SUPPORT PROGRAM, INFORMAL SECTOR, INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INTEREST RATE, INTEREST RATES, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION, INVENTORY, JOB CREATION, JOB SEARCH, JOB SEARCH ASSISTANCE, JOB-SEARCH ASSISTANCE, JOBS, JOBS CRISIS, LABOR COST, LABOR DEMAND, LABOR MARKETS, LABOR STANDARDS, LABOR SUPPLY, LABOUR, LABOUR COSTS, LABOUR DEMAND, LABOUR FORCE, LABOUR FORCE GROWTH, LABOUR MARKET EXPERIENCE, LABOUR MARKET IMPACT, LABOUR MARKET POLICIES, LABOUR MARKETS, LABOUR OFFICE, LABOUR STANDARDS, LAID-OFF WORKERS, LEGAL STATUS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MACROECONOMIC POLICIES, MACROECONOMIC POLICY, MASS LAYOFFS, MATERNITY BENEFITS, MEDICAL SERVICES, MINIMUM WAGE, MINIMUM WAGES, MINORITY, MONETARY POLICIES, MONETARY POLICY, MONEY SUPPLY, MORAL HAZARD, NATIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT, NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS, NUMBER OF WORKERS, NUTRITION, OLD-AGE, OLDER WORKERS, ON-THE-JOB TRAINING, ORPHANS, PAID WORKERS, PAYROLL TAX, PENSIONS, POLICY BRIEF, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLICY RESPONSE, POLICY RESPONSES, POOR FAMILIES, PORTFOLIO, PRACTITIONERS, PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR, PUBLIC ASSISTANCE, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES, PUBLIC SUPPORT, PUBLIC WORK, PUBLIC WORK SCHEMES, PUBLIC WORKS, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, REAL GDP, RESEARCH WORKERS, RESPECT, SAFETY, SAFETY NETS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECTORAL POLICIES, SECTORAL PRIORITIES, SEVERANCE PAY, SMALL ENTERPRISES, SOCIAL COSTS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICES, SUBSIDIZED JOBS, SUBSIDIZED TRAINING, TECHNICAL SKILLS, TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT, TEMPORARY INCOME SUPPORT, TEMPORARY JOBS, TEMPORARY WORKS, TOTAL WAGES, TRAINING COMPONENT, TRAINING COSTS, TRAINING POLICIES, TRUST FUND, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE, UNEMPLOYED PERSON, UNEMPLOYED POPULATION, UNEMPLOYED WORKERS, UNEMPLOYED YOUTH, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT SYSTEM, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT SYSTEMS, UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE FUND, UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS, URBAN AREAS, VOCATIONAL EDUCATION, VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION, VOCATIONAL TRAINING, VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WAGE EARNER, WAGE SUBSIDIES, WAGE SUBSIDY, WORK SCHEDULES, WORK SHARING, WORKER, WORKERS, WORKFORCE, WORKING HOURS, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG WORKERS, YOUTH EMPLOYMENT, YOUTH TRAINING