The Double Burden of Malnutrition

Vista sencilla de ítem
dc.creatorShrimpton, Roger
dc.creatorRokx, Claudia
dc.date2017-06-27T21:35:22Z
dc.date2017-06-27T21:35:22Z
dc.date2012-11
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:38:49Z
dc.descriptionThe Double Burden of Malnutrition (DBM) is the coexistence of both under nutrition and over nutrition in the same population across the life course. 'Across the life course' refers to the phenomenon that under nutrition early in life contributes to an increased propensity for over nutrition in adulthood. The DBM affects all countries, rich and poor, and is a particular concern in countries with high stunting rates. The consequences of the DBM are enormous; early life under nutrition is an underlying cause associated with about a third of young child deaths. Among the survivors who become stunted during the first two years of life, their capacity to resist disease, to carry out physical work, to study and progress in school, are all impaired across the life course. Later in the life course, diet and nutrition, and especially obesity, are important underlying causes of many Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), including hypertension, diabetes, cancer, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. The causes of the DBM are related to a series of changes occurring in the world called the nutrition transition, the demographic transition, and the epidemiological transition of countries. The variables associated with the nutrition transition and obesity epidemic can be grouped into four cross-cutting themes, which include: (i) the health/biological environment; (ii) the economic/food environment; (iii) the physical/built environment; and (iv) the socio/cultural environment. The solutions for the DBM problems are reasonably well recognized in each of its parts: under nutrition and over nutrition. However, the solutions have not been combined into an overarching policy and program framework, which together with raising awareness about the serious future implications for the low-and middle income countries is the aim of this paper.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/905651468339879888/The-double-burden-of-malnutrition-a-review-of-global-evidence
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/27417
dc.identifierhttps://doi.org/10.1596/27417
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/408206
dc.languageEnglish
dc.languageen_US
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC
dc.relationHealth, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper;
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectADEQUATE DIET
dc.subjectAGED
dc.subjectAGING
dc.subjectAGING POPULATIONS
dc.subjectAGRICULTURE
dc.subjectANEMIA
dc.subjectANTIOXIDANTS
dc.subjectBABIES
dc.subjectBABY
dc.subjectBAKED GOODS
dc.subjectBAKING
dc.subjectBOTTLING
dc.subjectBREAD
dc.subjectBREASTFEEDING
dc.subjectBUTTER
dc.subjectCANCER
dc.subjectCARBOHYDRATE
dc.subjectCARBOHYDRATES
dc.subjectCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
dc.subjectCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
dc.subjectCEREAL PRODUCTION
dc.subjectCEREALS
dc.subjectCHILD DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectCHILD GROWTH
dc.subjectCHILD MARRIAGE
dc.subjectCHILD MORTALITY
dc.subjectCLIMATE CHANGE
dc.subjectCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
dc.subjectCOMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
dc.subjectCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectCONFECTIONERY
dc.subjectCONSUMPTION PATTERNS
dc.subjectCONVENIENCE FOODS
dc.subjectCOOKING
dc.subjectCORN
dc.subjectCREAM
dc.subjectCULTURAL PRACTICES
dc.subjectCURING
dc.subjectDAIRY
dc.subjectDEATH RATES
dc.subjectDEMAND FOR FOOD
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
dc.subjectDEREGULATION
dc.subjectDEVELOPED COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDEVELOPING COUNTRIES
dc.subjectDIABETES
dc.subjectDIARRHEA
dc.subjectDIET
dc.subjectDIETARY CHANGES
dc.subjectDIETARY ENERGY
dc.subjectDIETARY FAT
dc.subjectDIETING
dc.subjectDIETS
dc.subjectDURATION OF BREASTFEEDING
dc.subjectEARLY DEATH
dc.subjectEATING HABITS
dc.subjectECONOMIC ACTIVITY
dc.subjectECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectECONOMIC GROWTH
dc.subjectELDERLY
dc.subjectEMISSIONS
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTAL
dc.subjectENVIRONMENTS
dc.subjectEPIDEMIC
dc.subjectEXISTING CAPACITY
dc.subjectEXPENDITURES
dc.subjectFAMILIES
dc.subjectFAMILY SIZE
dc.subjectFAST FOOD
dc.subjectFAST FOOD RESTAURANTS
dc.subjectFATS
dc.subjectFERMENTATION
dc.subjectFERTILITY
dc.subjectFIRST MARRIAGE
dc.subjectFISCAL POLICIES
dc.subjectFISH
dc.subjectFLAVOR ENHANCERS
dc.subjectFLAVORING AGENTS
dc.subjectFOLIC ACID
dc.subjectFOOD ADDITIVES
dc.subjectFOOD AVAILABILITY
dc.subjectFOOD BASKET
dc.subjectFOOD CHAIN
dc.subjectFOOD CHAINS
dc.subjectFOOD CONSUMPTION
dc.subjectFOOD DEFICIT
dc.subjectFOOD DEMAND
dc.subjectFOOD DISTRIBUTION
dc.subjectFOOD IMPORTS
dc.subjectFOOD INDUSTRY
dc.subjectFOOD MARKETING
dc.subjectFOOD POLICY
dc.subjectFOOD PRICES
dc.subjectFOOD PROCESSING
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectFOOD PRODUCTS
dc.subjectFOOD SAFETY
dc.subjectFOOD SECURITY
dc.subjectFOOD SUBSIDIES
dc.subjectFOOD SUPPLEMENTATION
dc.subjectFOOD SUPPLY
dc.subjectFOODS
dc.subjectFREEZING
dc.subjectFRUIT
dc.subjectFRUITS
dc.subjectGLOBAL FOOD PRODUCTION
dc.subjectGLOBAL POPULATION
dc.subjectGRAINS
dc.subjectGREEN REVOLUTION
dc.subjectGROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT
dc.subjectHEALTH CARE
dc.subjectHEALTH EFFECTS
dc.subjectHEALTH RISKS
dc.subjectHEALTH SERVICES
dc.subjectHIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
dc.subjectHORMONES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD LEVEL
dc.subjectHUMAN BODY
dc.subjectHUMAN CAPITAL
dc.subjectHUMAN DEVELOPMENT
dc.subjectHUMAN HEALTH
dc.subjectHUNGER
dc.subjectHYGIENE
dc.subjectHYPERTENSION
dc.subjectIMMUNE SYSTEM
dc.subjectIMMUNIZATION
dc.subjectINDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
dc.subjectINDUSTRIALIZATION
dc.subjectINFECTIOUS DISEASES
dc.subjectINTERFERON
dc.subjectINTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUTRITION
dc.subjectINTERVENTION
dc.subjectIODINE
dc.subjectIODINE DEFICIENCY
dc.subjectIRON
dc.subjectIRON DEFICIENCY
dc.subjectLAND RESOURCES
dc.subjectLEADING CAUSE OF DEATH
dc.subjectLEADING CAUSES
dc.subjectLEGUMES
dc.subjectLEISURE TIME
dc.subjectLIPIDS
dc.subjectLIPOPROTEINS
dc.subjectLOW BIRTH WEIGHT
dc.subjectLOW FERTILITY
dc.subjectMAIZE
dc.subjectMALARIA
dc.subjectMALNUTRITION
dc.subjectMARGARINE
dc.subjectMARKET PRICES
dc.subjectMATERNAL NUTRITION
dc.subjectMEAL
dc.subjectMEASLES
dc.subjectMEAT
dc.subjectMEATS
dc.subjectMETABOLISM
dc.subjectMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
dc.subjectMICRONUTRIENT MALNUTRITION
dc.subjectMICRONUTRIENTS
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM CHALLENGE
dc.subjectMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
dc.subjectMORBIDITY
dc.subjectMORTALITY
dc.subjectMOTHER
dc.subjectNATIONAL COUNCIL
dc.subjectNATIONAL INCOME
dc.subjectNATIONAL PLANS
dc.subjectNUMBER OF PEOPLE
dc.subjectNURSES
dc.subjectNUTRIENT
dc.subjectNUTRIENT INTAKE
dc.subjectNUTRIENTS
dc.subjectNUTRITION
dc.subjectNUTRITION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectNUTRITION POLICY
dc.subjectNUTRITION PROGRAMS
dc.subjectNUTRITION RESEARCH
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL STATUS
dc.subjectNUTS
dc.subjectOBESITY
dc.subjectOBESITY PREVALENCE
dc.subjectOIL
dc.subjectOIL PRICES
dc.subjectOVERNUTRITION
dc.subjectPASTEURIZATION
dc.subjectPATIENT
dc.subjectPEDIATRICS
dc.subjectPEER PRESSURE
dc.subjectPESTICIDES
dc.subjectPHYSICAL ACTIVITY
dc.subjectPHYSICAL WORK
dc.subjectPHYSICIANS
dc.subjectPLANS OF ACTION
dc.subjectPOLICY DECISIONS
dc.subjectPOLICY FRAMEWORK
dc.subjectPOLICY GUIDANCE
dc.subjectPOPULATION GROWTH
dc.subjectPOTATO
dc.subjectPOTATOES
dc.subjectPRACTITIONERS
dc.subjectPREGNANCY
dc.subjectPRESCHOOL CHILDREN
dc.subjectPRESERVATIVES
dc.subjectPRICE CURVES
dc.subjectPROCESSED FOODS
dc.subjectPRODUCERS
dc.subjectPROGRESS
dc.subjectPROTEIN
dc.subjectPROTEINS
dc.subjectPUBLIC HEALTH
dc.subjectREFINING
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE AGE
dc.subjectRESEARCH AGENDA
dc.subjectRESPIRATORY DISEASES
dc.subjectRESTAURANTS
dc.subjectRICE
dc.subjectRISK FACTORS
dc.subjectRURAL AREAS
dc.subjectRURAL POPULATIONS
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectSEAFOOD
dc.subjectSMOKING
dc.subjectSNACK FOODS
dc.subjectSNACKS
dc.subjectSOCIAL MARKETING
dc.subjectSOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
dc.subjectSOFT DRINKS
dc.subjectSTABILIZERS
dc.subjectSTAPLE FOODS
dc.subjectSTARCH
dc.subjectSTREET FOODS
dc.subjectSTRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT
dc.subjectSUGAR
dc.subjectSUGARS
dc.subjectSUPERMARKET
dc.subjectSUPERMARKETS
dc.subjectSWEETENERS
dc.subjectTECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
dc.subjectTOLERANCE
dc.subjectTV
dc.subjectUNDERNUTRITION
dc.subjectUNFPA
dc.subjectUNPROCESSED FOODS
dc.subjectURBAN AREAS
dc.subjectURBAN POPULATIONS
dc.subjectURBANIZATION
dc.subjectVEGETABLE OILS
dc.subjectVEGETABLES
dc.subjectVITAMIN
dc.subjectVITAMIN A
dc.subjectVITAMIN B12
dc.subjectVITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY
dc.subjectWAGES
dc.subjectWALKING
dc.subjectWHEAT
dc.subjectWORKFORCE
dc.subjectWORKPLACE
dc.subjectWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
dc.subjectWORLD POPULATION
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILD
dc.subjectYOUNG CHILDREN
dc.titleThe Double Burden of Malnutrition
dc.titleA Review of Global Evidence
dc.typeWorking Paper
dc.typeDocument de travail
dc.typeDocumento de trabajo

Archivos

Colecciones

AgroKnow