Food Policy Options : Preventing and Controlling Nutrition Related Non-Communicable Diseases
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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Although diet structure and activity
throughout the developing world have shifted drastically
over the past several decades, little is known about
effective policies to influence the supply and demand for
food to control the undesirable effects, such as obesity,
heart disease and cancer, of those shifts. Two questions
specifically need to be addressed: a) Are the traditional
policy levers for crops and livestock still important and
feasible options, considering the latest developments in
processing, distribution and marketing? b) What research
should be done in the process of formulating an 'Action
Agenda' over the longer term. The answer to question
one, concerns 'Traditional' versus 'New
Policy Levers', and includes: i) recognition of the
limitations of conventional food policies; ii) demanding
truth in advertising; iii) harnessing the influence of
supermarkets and multinational corporations; iv) choosing
realistic options to shift demand; v) addressing internal
infrastructure; vi) using schools for targeted intervention.
Currently, few studies allow linkage of prices, diet, and
health outcomes in any systematic manner that considers the
timing of the changes.
Palabras clave
NUTRITION POLICY, DISEASES, FOOD POLICIES, FOOD SUPPLY, CAPACITY BUILDING, DIETARY CHANGES, DIET ADVERTISING, AGED, AGING, AGRICULTURE, ANIMAL, ANIMAL FEED, ANIMAL PRODUCTS, ANIMAL SOURCE FOODS, ANIMAL WELFARE, ANIMALS, AQUACULTURE, BEEF, BEEF PRODUCTION, CANCER, CARBOHYDRATES, CEREALS, COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, CONVENIENCE FOODS, COOKING, CREAM, CROPS, DAIRY, DAIRY PRODUCTS, DEMAND FOR FOOD, DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, DIABETES, DIET, DIETS, DISEASE CONTROL, DISEASE PREVENTION, DRUG CONSUMPTION, ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC POLICIES, EDIBLE OILS, EGGS, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, FAMINE, FARMERS, FARMS, FATS, FEED, FEED GRAIN, FISH, FOOD COMPANIES, FOOD CONSUMPTION, FOOD DISTRIBUTION, FOOD INDUSTRY, FOOD LABELING, FOOD POLICIES, FOOD POLICY RESEARCH, FOOD PRICES, FOOD PROCESSING, FOOD PRODUCTION, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD SAFETY ISSUES, FOOD SAFETY SYSTEMS, FRUIT, FRUITS, GENDER, GNP, GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH PROMOTION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HYPERTENSION, IMPORTS, INCOME, INCOMES, INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS, INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE, INSURANCE, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INTERVENTION, LEGUMES, LEISURE, LEISURE ACTIVITIES, LEISURE TIME, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVELIHOODS, LIVESTOCK, LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH, MALNUTRITION, MARKETING, MASS MEDIA, MEAT PRODUCTION, MILK, MORTALITY, NUTRITION, OBESITY, OIL, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, POLICY INSTRUMENTS, POLIO, POPULATION GROWTH, PORK, POULTRY, POULTRY FEED, PREPARED FOODS, PRICE CHANGES, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROCESSED FOODS, PRODUCERS, PRODUCTIVITY, PUBLIC GOODS, PUBLIC HEALTH, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUOTAS, RED MEAT, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SAFETY, SCHOOLS, SHEEP, SMALLHOLDERS, SMOKING, STARCH, SUGAR, VEGETABLES, WEANING FOODS, WEIGHT GAIN, ZOONOTIC DISEASE