West Africa HIV/AIDS Epidemiology and Response Synthesis : Implications for Prevention
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Washington, DC
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This synthesis paper describes the HIV
epidemics in 15 West African countries - Benin, Burkina
Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger,
Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Guinea
Bissau, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It focuses particularly
on the degree to which the epidemics in each country are
concentrated or generalized, and the implications for
effective prevention. The urgent need for rigorous analytic
work to equip countries with a sound, situation-specific
analytical base for action motivated this study. The
analysis team critically reviewed and interpreted all
available surveillance, survey and research data (the amount
and quality of which varied considerably by country). For
the first ten countries listed, short country visits enabled
interviews and more thorough search for data and other
information, and the programmatic response to the HIV/AIDS
epidemic was also assessed to develop recommendations for
improving resource allocation and program effectiveness.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO SERVICES, ACCESS TO TREATMENT, ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME, AGED, AIDS CAMPAIGN, AIDS CASE, AIDS CASE REPORTS, AIDS DEATHS, AIDS PROGRAMS, AIDS RELIEF, AIDS TREATMENT, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, ANAL SEX, ANTENATAL CARE, BEHAVIOUR CHANGE, BEHAVIOUR PATTERNS, BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE, BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS, BEHAVIOURAL INDICATORS, BISEXUAL MEN, BOTH SEXES, BROTHELS, CHLAMYDIA, CLINICS, COMMERCIAL SEX, COMMERCIAL SEX WORK, CONDOM, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CONSISTENT CONDOM USE, COUNSELLING, CULTURAL CUSTOMS, DIAGNOSES, DIFFUSION OF INFORMATION, DISCRIMINATORY LAWS, DISEASE, DRUG INJECTING, DRUG INJECTORS, EFFECTIVE PREVENTION, EMERGENCY PLAN, EPIDEMIC, EPIDEMICS, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, EXTRAMARITAL SEX, FAMILIES, FEMALE, FEMALE PARTNERS, FEMALE SEX PARTNERS, FEMALE SEX WORKERS, FIRST MARRIAGE, FIRST SEX, GENDER, GENITAL HERPES, GENITAL ULCERS, GLOBAL HIV/AIDS, GONORRHEA, GONORRHOEA, HEALTH PROMOTION, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SURVEYS, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HERPES SIMPLEX, HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS, HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION, HIGH RISK BEHAVIOUR, HIGH RISK BEHAVIOURS, HIGH RISK GROUPS, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV INFECTIONS, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TESTING, HIV TRANSMISSION, HOMOSEXUAL MEN, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, HUSBANDS, HYGIENE, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, INFECTIONS IN WOMEN, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, INJECTION DRUG, INJECTION DRUG USE, INJECTION DRUG USERS, LACK OF CONDOM USE, LARGE CITIES, LEVELS OF CONDOM USE, LOW PREVALENCE, MALARIA, MALE CIRCUMCISION, MALE CLIENT, MALE CLIENTS, MALE PARTNERS, MALE SEX, MALES, MARITAL STATUS, MIGRATION, MINORITY, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RATE, MOTHER, MOTHER-TO-CHILD, MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION, MULTIPLE PARTNERS, NATIONAL AIDS, NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL, NATIONAL AIDS COUNCILS, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL POPULATION, NEEDLE SHARING, NEW INFECTIONS, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, OLDER AGE GROUPS, PARTNER REDUCTION, PEER EDUCATORS, PEOPLE WITH AIDS, PERSONAL COMMUNICATION, POLICY RESPONSE, POLITICAL INSTABILITY, POPULATION MONITORING, POPULATION STUDIES, POST-TEST COUNSELLING, POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION, PREGNANT WOMEN, PREVALENCE RATES, PREVALENT INFECTIONS, PREVENTION ACTIVITIES, PREVENTION EFFORTS, PREVENTION OF MOTHER, PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION, PROSTITUTION, PUBLIC HEALTH, RATES OF CONDOM USE, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE LIMITATIONS, RESOURCE NEEDS, RESPECT, RESPONSE TO AIDS, RESTAURANTS, RISK BEHAVIOUR, RISK FACTORS, RISK OF INFECTION, RISK OF TRANSMISSION, RISK POPULATIONS, RISKY BEHAVIOUR, RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR, ROOMS, RURAL AREAS, SAFE SEX, SAFER SEX, SERIOUS EPIDEMIC, SEX, SEX PARTNERS, SEX PRACTICES, SEX TRADE, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORK, SEX WORKER, SEX WORKERS, SEXUAL ACTIVITY, SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR, SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR DATA, SEXUAL BEHAVIOURS, SEXUAL CONTACT, SEXUAL INTERCOURSE, SEXUAL NETWORKING, SEXUAL PARTNER, SEXUAL PARTNERS, SEXUAL RISK, SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOUR, SEXUAL TRANSMISSION, SEXUALLY ACTIVE, SEXUALLY ACTIVE GIRLS, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, SOCIETAL LEVEL, STIS, STRATEGIC PRIORITIES, SURVEILLANCE DATA, SYMPTOMS, THERAPY, TRANSMISSION RATES, TREATMENT SERVICES, TROPICAL MEDICINE, TUBERCULOSIS, UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNINFECTED PARTNER, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, UNPROTECTED INTERCOURSE, URBAN AREAS, URETHRITIS, VAGINAL DISCHARGE, VIOLENCE, VIRAL LOAD, VIRAL LOADS, VOLUNTARY COUNSELING, VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING, VULNERABILITY, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS, WAR, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, YOUNG AGE, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG WOMEN, YOUTH, YOUTHS