Planning forest roads and harvesting systems
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A major forest operation is a complex enterprise. It requires that much planning be done and many decisions taken before it is set in motion. A long term management plan for the area should be developed, based on an inventory of the forest resources, topographic features,soil conditions and existing infrastructure. The plan should outline the location of the major forest road system for the area as well as the most important secondary roads and the logging system or systems proposed to be used in the harvesting. The term "forest roads", in the context of this study, means those roads built in the forest to serve the growing and harvesting of the forest crop. Much has been published concerning the design, construction and maintenance of public highways, but little concerning forest roads and their relation to the harvesting systems which they must serve and the conditions which they should satisfy in doing so. Forest operations may involve the harvesting of natural forests, the re forestation of loggedover areas or the afforestation of nonforest lands as well as the growing to maturity and the harvesting of these manmade forests. The operations manager normally must choose between olear autting and selective cutting unless restricted by governmental regulation or economic considerations. He must decide respecting the type of tools and machines to be used in autting and transporting the logs to roadside, the size and configuration of hauling equipment to be used and th erefore the standard of haul road to be constructed.