Pathways to Success: Global Insights for Enhancing the Effectiveness of China's Protected Area Governance and Management
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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China is a mega-biodiversity country with ecosystems providing local, national, and global benefits to the economy and society. The establishment of protected areas (PAs) has seen steady progress in China over the years. However, as in many other parts of the world, PAs in China are increasingly under pressure from development and other global threats. The challenges are largely due to the complexities of coordinating and managing the system itself and harmonizing conservation and development priorities To address these challenges, the Chinese government has actively pursued the development of a more streamlined and integrated PA system centered around national parks (NPs) during the past decade. Guided by the two policy documents, a number of key milestones have been achieved along with the NP system pilot program. The findings of this report are supported by an analysis of contemporary international standards and best practices. First, the standards and norms for establishing the new China NP system were compared with those published and applied by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), supported by an extensive suite of best practice case studies. Second, a global suite of best practice case studies on integration of PA systems into social and economic development opportunities in surrounding areas was examined, with a view to guiding efforts in a Chinese context. This report summarizes the high-level recommendations for further consideration and implementation by Chinese authorities and stakeholders, as well as development agencies.
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MEGA-BIODIVERSITY, PROTECTED AREA (PA), NATIONAL PARKS (NPs), GOVERNANCE, LIVABLE PLANET