The Determinants of HIV Infection and Related Sexual Behaviors : Evidence from Lesotho

Corno, Lucia; de Walque, Damien

The Determinants of HIV Infection and Related Sexual Behaviors : Evidence from Lesotho

Autores

Corno, Lucia

de Walque, Damien

Editor

World Bank, Washington, DC

Descripción

This paper analyzes the socioeconomic determinants of HIV infection and related sexual behaviors using the 2004 Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey. The authors find that in Lesotho education appears to have a protective effect: it is negatively associated with HIV infection (although not always significantly) and it strongly predicts preventive behaviors. The findings also show that married women who have extra-marital relationships are less likely to use a condom than non-married women. This is an important source of vulnerability that should be addressed in prevention efforts. The paper also analyzes HIV infection at the level of the couple. It shows that in 41 percent of the infected couples, only one of the two partners is HIV infected. Therefore, there are still opportunities for prevention inside the couple.

Palabras clave

ABSTINENCE, ADOLESCENCE, ADULTHOOD, AGE AT MARRIAGE, AGE GROUPS, AGED, AIDS EPIDEMIC, ANTE-NATAL CARE, CHILDBEARING, CLINICS, COMMERCIAL SEX, COMMUNITY HEALTH, CONDOM, CONDOM USE, CONDOMS, CONTRACEPTION, CONTRACEPTIVES, CULTURAL STATUS OF WOMEN, DEATH RATES, DISEASE, DISTRIBUTION OF CONDOMS, DIVORCE, DRUG USERS, EARLY CHILDHOOD, EARLY MARRIAGE, EDUCATED WOMEN, EDUCATION FOR GIRLS, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, EFFECTIVE POLICIES, EPIDEMIC, EXCESS MORTALITY, EXTRAMARITAL SEX, FAMILIES, FEMALE, FEMALES, FIRST INTERCOURSE, FORMAL EDUCATION, GENDER, HEALTH SURVEYS, HEALTH WORKERS, HETEROSEXUAL CONTACT, HIGH RISK GROUPS, HIGH-RISK PEOPLE, HIV, HIV INFECTION, HIV POSITIVE, HIV POSITIVE PEOPLE, HIV PREVENTION, HIV TESTING, HIV TRANSMISSION, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE, HUSBANDS, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, IMPACT OF EDUCATION, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFECTION RATE, INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS, INTERCOURSE, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS, JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, LIFE EXPECTANCY, MALE CIRCUMCISION, MALES, MARITAL STATUS, MARRIED COUPLES, MARRIED MEN, MARRIED WOMEN, MEDICAL RESEARCH, MIGRANT, MIGRATION, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MULTIPLE PARTNERS, MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS, OLDER MEN, ORPHAN, ORPHANS, PANDEMIC, POLICY MAKERS, POLICY RESEARCH, POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER, POLYGAMY, POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION ESTIMATES, POPULATION GROWTH, POPULATION GROWTH RATE, PREGNANCIES, PREGNANCY, PREGNANT WOMEN, PREVALENCE, PREVALENCE RATE, PREVENTION EFFORTS, PREVENTION STRATEGIES, PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY SCHOOL, PROGRESS, PROSTITUTION, PUBLIC SERVICES, REFUGEES, REPRODUCTIVE AGE, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, RISK BEHAVIORS, RISK OF EXPOSURE, RISK OF INFECTION, RISKY BEHAVIOR, RISKY BEHAVIORS, RURAL AREAS, SAFE SEX, SAFER SEX, SCHOOL CURRICULUM, SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SEX, SEX INDUSTRY, SEX WITH MEN, SEX WORKERS, SEXUAL ACTIVITY, SEXUAL BEHAVIOR, SEXUAL BEHAVIORS, SEXUAL INITIATION, SEXUAL INTERCOURSE, SEXUAL RELATIONS, SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS, SEXUAL VIOLENCE, SEXUALLY ACTIVE, SOCIAL MARKETING, SOCIAL WELFARE, SPOUSE, SPOUSES, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, SUGAR DADDIES, SURGERY, SURVEILLANCE DATA, SYMPTOMS, TEENAGE GIRLS, TEENAGE YEARS, TEENAGERS, THERAPIES, TREATMENT, UNAIDS, UNIONS, UNPROTECTED SEX, URBAN AREAS, USE OF CONDOMS, VIRAL LOAD, VIRGIN, VIRGINITY, VOLUNTARY COUNSELING, VOLUNTARY COUNSELLING, VULNERABILITY, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WOMAN, WORKFORCE, YOUNG MEN, YOUNG PEOPLE, YOUNG WOMEN, YOUTH