Evaluación de técnicas de manejo para la recuperación de suelos sódicos en el valle cálido del alto Magdalena
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Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario - ICA
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En el distrito de riego "Coello", municipio de El Espinal, Vereda Guasimal-Pasoancho, predio La Palmita, en un suelo clasificado como Tipic Ustropept en avanzado estado de sodificación, se ade-lantO este experimento para restablecer el potencial productivo-sostenible de dicho suelo. Se evaluaron tres técnicas: Comparación de espaciamiento entre drenes (50, 100 m), clase de dren (tube-ria, gravilla) y correctivo (azufre, yeso), acompañadas de un manejo característico en cada una de las etapas del proceso de recuparaciòn.
Después de dos semestres agrícolas usando arroz coma cultivo, el sodio intercambiable disminuyó en la capa arable un promedio de 40%, lo cual convirtió el suelo de sodico a normal. Existen diferencias estadísticas para espaciamiento y correctivo a favor del esparcimiento de 100 m y azufre respectivamente. Se pretende continuar el proceso hasta restablecer completamente las propiedades hidrodinámicas entre 20 y 30 cm de profundidad e igualmente el balance nutricional a través de todo el perfil.
An experiment was carried out at "La Palmita" farm, located within the Irrigation District 'USOCOELLO', in El Espinal, Tolima, Vereda Guasimal-Pasoancho. on a soil classified as Typic Ustropept in advanced state of sodification, in order to restablish it's sustainable productive potential. Three techniques were evaluated as follows: Drains spacing (50 and 100 meters), type of drains (pipes and gravel) and chemical correctives (sulphur and gypsum) plus a characteristic mangement in each stage of the reclamation process. After two semesters and by using rice as crop, the exchangeable sodium decreased in about 40% in the first layer which brought the soil from a sodic condition to normal. Statistical differences were found between drains spacing and chemical correctives with best results for a spacing of 100 m and when sulphur was used as corrective. The process will continue until the hydrodinamic characteristics from 20 to 30 cm deep are restablished as well as the nutritional balance throughout the soil profile.
An experiment was carried out at "La Palmita" farm, located within the Irrigation District 'USOCOELLO', in El Espinal, Tolima, Vereda Guasimal-Pasoancho. on a soil classified as Typic Ustropept in advanced state of sodification, in order to restablish it's sustainable productive potential. Three techniques were evaluated as follows: Drains spacing (50 and 100 meters), type of drains (pipes and gravel) and chemical correctives (sulphur and gypsum) plus a characteristic mangement in each stage of the reclamation process. After two semesters and by using rice as crop, the exchangeable sodium decreased in about 40% in the first layer which brought the soil from a sodic condition to normal. Statistical differences were found between drains spacing and chemical correctives with best results for a spacing of 100 m and when sulphur was used as corrective. The process will continue until the hydrodinamic characteristics from 20 to 30 cm deep are restablished as well as the nutritional balance throughout the soil profile.
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Ciencia del suelo y manejo del suelo - P30, Suelo sódico, Rehabilitación de tierras, Acondicionadores del suelo, Transversal