Realizing Rights Through Social Guarantees : An Analysis of New Approaches to Social Policy in Latin America and South Africa
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Washington, DC
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This paper examines the experiences in
four Latin American countries and South Africa in the
application of a human rights approach to social policy. The
paper applies an analysis based on a social guarantees
framework -- an innovative approach to integrate a
rights-based perspective into social policy. The social
guarantees approach moves beyond a purely normative
framework to give concrete meaning to economic, social, and
cultural rights and hence to allow for their
operationalization into policies and programs. This document
suggests that a social guarantee approach can be used to
strengthen the delivery and monitoring of social programs.
Firstly, it implies an institutional design that emphasizes
synergy and coordination among agencies and providers to
help social programs achieve their full potential. Secondly,
this approach contributes to reducing gaps in opportunity
among citizens by promoting universal access to, and a basic
quality standard for, essential services. Thirdly, the
social guarantee approach contributes to strengthening
democratic governance, as it requires the achievement of a
non-discriminatory agreement among all members of society as
to the level of basic entitlements of each individual or
collective. In other words, social guarantees are safeguards
that society provides to all its members, ensuring their
access to essential opportunities and well-being.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE, ACCESS TO SERVICES, ACCESSIBILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY, ACCOUNTING, ACCREDITATION, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITIES, AGING, AID EFFECTIVENESS, ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILDBEARING, CITIZENS, CITIZENSHIP, CIVIL SOCIETY, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION, CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS, CLINICS, COMMUNICATION CHANNELS, COMMUNITY HEALTH, COMPLAINTS, COMPLEMENTARY FOOD, CRIME, CULTURAL RIGHTS, DEMOCRACIES, DEMOCRACY, DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS, DEPRESSION, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, DEVELOPMENT BANK, DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS, DIABETES, DISABILITY, DISABLED, DISCRIMINATION, DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES, DISEASES, DISSEMINATION, DRUG CONSUMPTION, ECONOMIC CRISES, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC POLICY, ECONOMIC RESOURCES, ECONOMIC RIGHTS, ECONOMIC STATUS, EDUCATIONAL INDICATORS, ELDERLY, ELDERLY PEOPLE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS, ENROLLMENTS, EUTHANASIA, EXISTING RESOURCES, EXPENDITURE, FAMILIES, FINANCES, FINANCIAL MEANS, FISCAL SUPPORT, FOOD SECURITY, FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS, FUNDING SOURCES, GENDER, GENDER EQUALITY, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH PROBLEMS, HEALTH PROMOTION, HEALTH PROVIDERS, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH WORKERS, HEALTHY LIFE, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLDS, HUMAN BEINGS, HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS LAW, HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS, HYPERTENSION, IDENTITY DOCUMENTS, ILLNESS, IMMIGRANTS, INCOME GROUPS, INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY, INEQUITIES, INFANT, INFANT HEALTH, INITIATIVE, INSTALLMENT, INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION, INTERNATIONAL COVENANT, INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS, INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZATION, INTERNATIONAL LAW, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, INTERNATIONAL TREATIES, INTERVENTION, INVESTIGATION, LACK OF INFORMATION, LAWS, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LEGAL FRAMEWORKS, LEGAL STATUS, LEVELS OF ACCESS, LIFESTYLES, LIVING STANDARDS, MARKET ECONOMY, MASS MEDIA, MEDICAL ATTENTION, MEDICAL CONDITIONS, MEDICAL TREATMENT, MENTAL, MENTAL HEALTH, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL, MINISTER, MINISTERS, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MINORITY, MODERNIZATION, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, MORTALITY RATE, MOTHER, MOTHER-TO-CHILD, MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION, NATIONAL COUNCIL, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES, NATIONAL LEVEL, NUTRITION, OBESITY, PATIENTS, PEACE, PHYSICIANS, POLICY DESIGN, POLICY DIALOGUE, POLICY FRAMEWORK, POLICY GOALS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL OPPOSITION, POLITICAL PARTIES, POLITICAL RIGHTS, PREGNANCY, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRIVATE FUNDS, PROGRESS, PROVISION OF SERVICES, PUBLIC DEBATE, PUBLIC DISCOURSE, PUBLIC EDUCATION, PUBLIC FUNDS, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC OPINION, PUBLIC POLICY, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUALITY OF SERVICES, QUALITY SERVICES, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS, RESPECT, RESPECTFUL TREATMENT, RIGHT TO EDUCATION, RIGHT TO HEALTH CARE, RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE, SANCTIONS, SANITATION, SAVINGS, SCHOLARSHIPS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY SCHOOL, SERVICE AREAS, SERVICE DELIVERY, SERVICE PROVISION, SEX, SMOKING, SOCIAL CONCERNS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EXCLUSION, SOCIAL INCLUSION, SOCIAL INEQUALITIES, SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS, SOCIAL JUSTICE, SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, SOCIAL PLANNING, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL POLICY, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL RIGHTS, SOCIAL SECTORS, SOCIAL SECURITY, SOCIAL SERVICE, SOCIAL SERVICES, SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION, SOCIAL WELFARE, SOCIAL WORK, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, STATE POLICY, STATE RESPONSIBILITY, SUICIDE, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SUSTAINABLE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, TRANSPARENCY, TREATMENT SERVICES, TUBERCULOSIS, UNIONS, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS, URBANIZATION, VULNERABLE GROUPS, WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE, WORKERS, YOUNG PEOPLE