Designing Experiments to Measure Spillover Effects
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World Bank, Washington, DC
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This paper formalizes the design of
experiments intended specifically to study spillover
effects. By first randomizing the intensity of treatment
within clusters and then randomly assigning individual
treatment conditional on this cluster-level intensity, a
novel set of treatment effects can be identified. The paper
develops a formal framework for consistent estimation of
these effects, provides explicit expressions for power
calculations, and shows that the power to detect average
treatment effects declines precisely with the quantity that
identifies the novel treatment effects. A demonstration of
the technique is provided using a cash transfer program in Malawi.
Palabras clave
ACCOUNTING, AGED, BASIC, BENEFICIAL EFFECTS, COMMUNITIES, COMPONENTS, CONFIGURATIONS, CORRELATIONS, DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, DISPLACEMENT, ECONOMICS, ESTIMATORS, EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS, EXTERNALITIES, FEMALES, GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM, HYPOTHESIS TESTING, INCOME, INDEXING, INTERVIEWS, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET POLICIES, LABOUR, MALARIA, MALARIA PREVENTION, MATHEMATICS, MEDICAL EXPERIMENTS, MEDICINE, NETWORKS, NEW TECHNOLOGY, OPTIMAL ALLOCATION, PREGNANCY, RESEARCH DESIGN, RESEARCH WORKING PAPERS, RESEARCHERS, RETIREMENT, SAN, SCIENCES, SEX, SIMULATIONS, TECHNIQUES, TREATMENT, UNEMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYMENT, VALIDITY, WEIGHTING