Belarus - Poverty Assessment: Can Poverty Reduction and Access to Services Be Sustained?
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Washington, DC
Resumen
Descripción
Building on the strong poverty analysis
conducted by the government for almost a decade, this
Poverty Assessment offers a number of improvements to the
methodology for measuring poverty and living conditions in
Belarus and contributes an in-depth analysis of the multiple
dimensions of poverty-particularly the non-income dimensions
(education and health). The poverty assessment also
indicates concrete options for the government to strengthen
its poverty reduction strategy. The main findings can be
summed up as follows: Poverty has declined over time and is
low compared to other transition countries. The gains in
poverty reduction are shallow and fragile. A key source of
economic vulnerability is administratively-set real wage
growth which has outstripped productivity growth,
jeopardizing the sustainability of growth and poverty
reduction. The reduction of Russian energy subsidies to
Belarus further affects enterprises and their ability to
invest while sustaining a social subsidy in the form of high
wage levels. In a high cost, low flexibility business
environment, the ability of the economy to create new jobs
remains elusive. It is thus important for Belarus to take
the opportunity to analyze the significant underlying risks
the economy faces and the uncertainties it poses for poverty
reduction and growth. Income inequality has remained
relatively low but significant inequalities are emerging in
the ability of different groups of households to access
education and health services. The performance-enhancing
reforms in education, health and social protection which
Belarus has embarked on are in the right direction. These
reforms need to be deepened, however, in order to generate
the efficiency gains (savings) that can be redirected
towards addressing equity concerns. Belarus' poverty
monitoring and analysis system has potential to be a
"good practice" model for the region.
Palabras clave
ACCESS TO SERVICES, AFFORDABILITY, AGED, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, AVERAGE INCOME, AVERAGE WAGES, BASIC EDUCATION, BENEFITS INCIDENCE, CALORIES PER PERSON, CALORIES PER PERSON PER DAY, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, CHANGES IN POVERTY, CHILD ALLOWANCES, CONFLICT, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE, CONSUMPTION BASKET, COPING STRATEGIES, COPING STRATEGY, CROWDING OUT, DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES, ECONOMIC POLICIES, ECONOMIC SHOCKS, EDUCATION, EDUCATION LEVEL, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ENERGY SUBSIDIES, EXCHANGE RATE, EXCHANGE RATES, EXTREME POVERTY, FAMILIES, FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN, FARMER, FARMERS, FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS, FOOD GOODS, FOOD PRODUCTS, GDP, GROWTH PROSPECTS, HEADCOUNT, HEADCOUNT RATIO, HEALTH, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH INDICATORS, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH SERVICES, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD DATA, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCIDENCE ANALYSIS, INCOME INEQUALITY, INDEX, INEQUALITY LEVELS, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INSULATION, INSURANCE, INTERVENTION, LABOR FORCE, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS, LAWS, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOW INEQUALITY, MALNUTRITION, MARKETING, MEANS TESTING, MEASURING POVERTY, MIGRATION, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NEGATIVE IMPACT, NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS, NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS, NUTRITION, PATIENTS, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL ECONOMY, POOR AREAS, POOR BENEFIT, POOR HEALTH, POOR HOUSEHOLD, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PEOPLE, POOR POPULATION, POORER AREAS, POORER HOUSEHOLD, POORER HOUSEHOLDS, POVERTY ANALYSIS, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY ASSESSMENT TEAM, POVERTY DYNAMICS, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY IMPACT, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY MEASUREMENT, POVERTY MONITORING, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REDUCTION IMPACT, POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY, POVERTY RISK, POVERTY STATUS, POWERLESSNESS, PRIMARY EDUCATION, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PRO-POOR, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC SERVICE, PUBLIC SPENDING, QUALITY OF LIFE, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REGIONAL DISPARITIES, REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION, REMOTE RURAL AREAS, RISK FACTORS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL PEOPLE, RURAL WORKERS, SAFETY NET, SAVINGS, SCHOOLING, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SELF-EMPLOYMENT, SMOKING, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE, SOCIAL POLICIES, SOCIAL PROGRAMS, SOCIAL PROTECTION, SUBSISTENCE, SUSTAINABLE POVERTY, SUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTION, TARGETING, TAXATION, TOTAL POVERTY, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, UNEMPLOYMENT, UNIVERSAL SUBSIDIES, URBAN WORKERS, WAGE EARNERS, WAGE GROWTH, WAGE RATES, WORKERS, WORKING POOR