Unequal Households or Communities?

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dc.creatorBrown, Caitlin
dc.creatorKandpal, Eeshani
dc.creatorLee, Jean
dc.creatorWilliams, Anaise
dc.creatorLee, Jean Nahrae
dc.date2022-04-22T15:03:29Z
dc.date2022-04-22T15:03:29Z
dc.date2022-04
dc.date.accessioned2026-07-01T00:35:08Z
dc.descriptionHalf of all undernourished women and children in South Asia are not found in the bottom 40 percent of wealth-poor households. This paper quantifies the extent to which this inequality in nutritional status arises within households versus between households. In contrast to previous literature, it shows that between-household inequality explains 3.5 times as much of the variation as does inequality within households. Within the household, gender, age, and birth order are key correlates of nutritional outcomes. At the household level and accounting for community-level factors, both an index of sanitation infrastructure and the presence of an improved toilet matter independently to household wealth for nutritional outcomes. The paper concludes with a comparison of the effectiveness of targeting undernourishment using household wealth, a community sanitation infrastructure index, and, separately, the proportion of improved toilets in a community. The findings show that access to improved toilets, despite its relative simplicity, performs almost as well as household wealth and better than the community sanitation index. These findings highlight that (a) inequality between households within the same communities is an overlooked but important driver of inequality in nutritional status, and (b) community-level sanitation infrastructure may be a better indicator of nutritional status than more complicated household-level targeting measures.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/plain
dc.identifierhttp://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099716404192212734/IDU074c917ff0c32104aa609d120265e250aa57f
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/37333
dc.identifier10.1596/1813-9450-10009
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/406692
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherWorld Bank, Washington, DC:
dc.relationPolicy Research Working Paper;10009
dc.rightsCC BY 3.0 IGO
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo
dc.rightsWorld Bank
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL INEQUALITY
dc.subjectNUTRITIONAL OUTCOMES
dc.subjectHOUSEHOLD WEALTH
dc.subjectINTRA-HOUSEHOLD INEQUALITY
dc.subjectSANITATION
dc.subjectTARGETING
dc.subjectDEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY
dc.subjectANITPOVERTY POLICY
dc.subjectMALNUTRITION INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectUNDERNOURSHED INDIVIDUALS
dc.subjectGEOGRAPHIC FOOD INTERVENTIONS
dc.subjectSANITATION-BASED TARGETING
dc.titleUnequal Households or Communities?
dc.titleDecomposing the Inequality in Nutritional Status in South Asia
dc.typeWorking Paper
dc.typeDocument de travail
dc.typeDocumento de trabajo

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