The Millennium Development Goals for Health : Rising to the Challenges
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Washington, DC: World Bank
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The extent of premature death and ill
health in the developing world is staggering. In 2000 almost
11 million children died before their fifth birthday, an
estimated 140 million children under five are underweight, 3
million died from HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis claimed another 2
million lives, and 515,000 women died during pregnancy or
child birth in 1995, almost all of them in the developing
world. Death and ill health on such a scale are matters of
concern in their own right. They are also a brake on
economic development. These concerns led the international
community to put health at the center of the Millennium
Development Goals when adopting them at the Millennium
Summit in September 2000. This report focuses on the health
and nutrition Millennium Development Goals agreed to by over
180 governments. It assesses progress to date and prospects
of achieving the goals. The report identifies what
developing country governments can do to accelerate the pace
of progress while ensuring that benefits accrue to the
poorest and most disadvantaged households. It also pulls
together the lessons of development assistance and country
initiatives and innovations to improve the effectiveness of
aid, based on a number of country case studies. It
highlights some of the principles of effective development
assistance: country driven coordination; strategic coherence
expressed in comprehensive poverty reduction strategies,
which fully address the issues of health, nutrition, and
population; financial coherence embodied in medium term
expenditure framework; pooling of donor funds; and a common
framework for reporting and assessing progress.
Palabras clave
CHILD HEALTH, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD SURVIVAL, COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, DEATHS, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, DISEASE CONTROL, DOCTORS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EXERCISES, EXPENDITURES, FORECASTS, GIRLS, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH PLANNING, HEALTH PROMOTION, HEALTH PROVIDERS, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HEALTH TARGETS, HEALTH WORKERS, HEALTH WORKFORCE, HOUSEHOLDS, HYGIENE, IMMUNIZATION, INCOME, INNOVATION, INPUT MARKETS, INSURANCE, LIVE BIRTHS, LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES, MALARIA, MALNUTRITION, MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH, MATERNAL HEALTH, MATERNAL MORTALITY, MEDICAL POLICY, MEDICINES, MORTALITY, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, NUTRITION, POLIO, POVERTY REDUCTION, PREGNANCY, PREGNANT WOMEN, PRIVATE SECTOR, PROVIDER INCENTIVES, PUBLIC HEALTH, RADIO, ROADS, SAFE DRINKING WATER, SANITATION, SERVICE DELIVERY, SEX WORKERS, SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, SUPERVISION, TRANSPORT, VACCINES